如何在Django Rest框架中實現過濾器API

Question

我正在嘗試在Django rest中實現filter api。 就像是 -

localhost:8000/api/v1/users/?email=abc.xzy@gmail.com/

因此它應該使用傳遞的過濾器搜索用戶並返回結果。但是當前它正在返回所有用戶。

URLS.py

    url(r'^api/v1/users/$',   UserViews.UserList.as_view(), name='userlist_view'),
    url(r'^api/v1/users/(?P<email>.+)/$', UserViews.UserList.as_view(), name='userList_view'),
    url(r'^api/v1/users/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', UserViews.UserDetail.as_view(), name='userdetail_view'),

UserViews.py

class UserList(generics.ListAPIView):
    """
    List all users, or create a new user.
    """
    lookup_url_kwarg = "email"

    def get(self, request, format=None):
        if request.user.is_authenticated():
            users = User.objects.all()
            serializer = UserSerializer(users, many=True)
            return Response(serializer.data)
        return Response("User is not authenticated.", status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

    def post(self, request, format=None):

        valid_paylaod, msg = UserListRepository.validations_create_user(request.data)
        if not valid_paylaod:
            return Response(msg, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

        result = UserListRepository.create_user_repo(request)

        if not result.success:
            return Response(str(result.msg), status=result.status )

        return Response(UserSerializer(result.data).data, status=result.status)

   def get_queryset(self):
    # It restricts the userlist by retunning users having emails passed in uery param
    user = self.request.user
    if user.is_authenticated():
         if 'email' in self.request.query_params:
            email = self.request.query_params.get('email', None)
            users = User.objects.get(email= email)
            if not users:
                return Response( "User Not found", status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)
            else:
                return Response(UserSerializer(User.objects.all()).data, status.HTTP_200_OK, users)
        else:
            return Response(UserSerializer().data, status=result.status)
    else:
        return Response("User is not authenticated.", status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

有人可以說出為什么請求不轉到get_queryset（）方法而轉到UserList方法的get（）的原因。 在刪除get方法時，請求將轉到get_queryset（self）方法。 在調試時，我發現我在return語句之前得到了有效的Response-

(Pdb) UserSerializer(result.data).data
{'parent_id': 2, 'id': 31, 'group_id': '4', 'last_name': 'user',         'email': 'agency22_user@agency22.com', 'organization_id': 0, 'first_name':  'agency22'}

但是仍然在APi響應中，出現以下錯誤：

Internal Server Error: /api/v1/users/
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 149, in get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
 File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 147, in get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
Fi e "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 58, in wrapped_view
return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 68, in view
return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
 File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 466, in dispatch
response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 463, in dispatch
response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/generics.py", line 201, in get
return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/mixins.py", line 43, in list
if page is not None:
File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 674, in data
ret = super(ListSerializer, self).data
File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 239, in data
self._data = self.to_representation(self.instance)
File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-    packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 614, in to_representation
self.child.to_representation(item) for item in iterable
 File "/Users/richagupta/VirtualEnvs/py35/lib/python3.5/site-  packages/django/template/response.py", line 173, in __iter__
raise ContentNotRenderedError('The response content must be '
 django.template.response.ContentNotRenderedError: The response content          must be rendered before it can be iterated over.

我不清楚為什么。 我輸入的API URL是：localhost：8000 / api / v1 / users？email=agency22_user@agency22.com

Answer 1

問題是您要重寫ListAPIView的get方法。 GET請求調用此方法。 get的默認實現調用ListModelMixin的list方法，並調用get_queryset ：

def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())

    page = self.paginate_queryset(queryset)
    if page is not None:
        serializer = self.get_serializer(page, many=True)
        return self.get_paginated_response(serializer.data)

    serializer = self.get_serializer(queryset, many=True)
    return Response(serializer.data)

如果重寫此方法，則必須自己調用get_queryset 。 如果只想檢查用戶是否已通過身份驗證，然后調用默認列表方法，則可以這樣進行：

  def get(self, request, format=None):
        if request.user.is_authenticated():
            return super(UserList, self).get(request, format)
        return Response("User is not authenticated.", status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

Answer 2

我對UrlConf感到困惑：

url(r'^api/v1/users/$', UserViews.UserList.as_view(), name='userlist_view'),
url(r'^api/v1/users/(?P<email>.+)/$', UserViews.UserList.as_view(), name='userList_view'),

• 第一個用於localhost:8000/api/v1/users/

• 第二個是localhost:8000/api/v1/users/abc.xzy@gmail.com/而不是localhost:8000/api/v1/users/?email=abc.xzy@gmail.com/ ，這是一個查詢參數不是虛假的，請檢查是否要使用查詢參數

   class UserList(generics.ListAPIView): """ List all users, or create a new user. """ lookup_url_kwarg = "email" serializer_class = UserSerializer def post(self, request, format=None): valid_paylaod, msg = UserListRepository.validations_create_user(request.data) if not valid_paylaod: return Response(msg, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) result = UserListRepository.create_user_repo(request) if not result.success: return Response(str(result.msg), status=result.status ) return Response(UserSerializer(result.data).data, status=result.status) def get_queryset(self): """ It restricts the userlist by return users having emails passed in query param """ queryset = Users.objects.all() email = self.request.query_params.get('email', None) if email is not None: queryset = queryset.filter(email=email) return queryset 

Answer 3

在Django rest框架中，有關於如何使用過濾器的適當規范。 因此您的用戶類看起來像。

class UserList(generics.ListAPIView):
    """
    List all users, or create a new user.
    """
    lookup_url_kwarg = "email"
    serializer_class = UserSerializer

    def get(self, request, format=None):
        if request.user.is_authenticated():
            users = User.objects.all()
            serializer = UserSerializer(users, many=True)
            return Response(serializer.data)
        return Response("User is not authenticated.", status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

    def post(self, request, format=None):

        valid_paylaod, msg = UserListRepository.validations_create_user(request.data)
        if not valid_paylaod:
            return Response(msg, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

        result = UserListRepository.create_user_repo(request)

        if not result.success:
            return Response(str(result.msg), status=result.status )

        return Response(UserSerializer(result.data).data, status=result.status)

    def get_queryset(self):
        email = self.request.query_params.get('email', None)
        return User.objects.filter(email=email)

或者您可以嘗試不使用get_queryset。 鏈接將更改，更新的鏈接為：

localhost:8000/api/v1/users/abc.xzy@gmail.com/

並且更新的代碼是

class UserList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
        """
        List all users, or create a new user.
        """
        lookup_url_kwarg = "email"
        serializer_class = UserSerializer

        def get(self, request, email,format=None):
            if request.user.is_authenticated():
                user_details = User.objects.filter(email=email)
                serializer = UserSerializer(user_details, many=True)
                return Response(serializer.data, status=status.status.HTTP_200_OK)
            return Response("User is not authenticated.", status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

        def post(self, request, format=None):

            valid_paylaod, msg = UserListRepository.validations_create_user(request.data)
            if not valid_paylaod:
                return Response(msg, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

            result = UserListRepository.create_user_repo(request)

            if not result.success:
                return Response(str(result.msg), status=result.status )

            return Response(UserSerializer(result.data).data, status=result.status)

Answer 4

看來您使用的是來自django的Response ，而不是django-rest-framework。

您必須從rest_framework.response導入Response

from rest_framework.response import Response