sys.argv[1] 索引錯誤：列表索引超出范圍

Question

我正在編寫一個 Python HTTP 客戶端。 當我有下面的代碼時，我從終端收到一條錯誤消息“列表索引超出范圍”。

from socket import *
import sys

server_host = sys.argv[1]
server_port = sys.argv[2]
filename = sys.argv[3]

host_port = "%s:%s" %(server_host, server_port)
try:
    clientSocket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
    clientSocket.connect((server_host,int(server_port)))
    header = {
    "first_header" : "GET /%s HTTP/1.1" %(filename),
    "Host": host_port,
    "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
    "Accept-Language": "en-US",
    }
    httpHeader = "\r\n".join("%s:%s" %(item,header[item]) for item in     header)
    print httpHeader
    clientSocket.send("%s\r\n\r\n" %(httpHeader))

except IOError:

    sys.exit(1)
final = ""
responseMessage = clientSocket.recv(1024)
while responseMessage:
    final += responseMessage
    responseMssage = clientSocket.recv(1024)

clientSocket.close()
print "final:",final

我通過鍵入從命令行運行程序

python ./client.py http://127.0.0.1 7000 HelloWorld.html

有人可以告訴我我的代碼有什么問題嗎？ 提前致謝。

Answer 1

為什么不使用argparse而不是手動處理 sys.argv？ 例如：

import argparse as ap

def argParse():
    parser=ap.ArgumentParser(description='Script to do something')
    parser.add_argument("host", help="web address")
    parser.add_argument("port", help="port to connect on")
    parser.add_argument("filename",help="page to use")
    return parser.parse_args()

然后在主函數調用中：

args=argParse()

然后，您可以在代碼中使用args.host 、 args.port和args.filename ， argparse 將處理缺少的參數及其類型等。您可以通過在add_argument()調用中的定義前面添加--來使用可選參數。

您使用 argparse 的代碼：

from socket import *
import argparse as ap

def argParse():
    parser=ap.ArgumentParser(description='Script to do something')
    parser.add_argument("host", help="web address")
    parser.add_argument("port", type=int, help="port to connect on")
    parser.add_argument("filename",help="page to use")
    return parser.parse_args()

args=argParse()

host_port = "%s:%d" % (args.host, args.port)
try:
    clientSocket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
    clientSocket.connect((args.host,args.port))
    header = {
    "first_header" : "GET /%s HTTP/1.1" % (args.filename),
    "Host": str(args.port),
    "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
    "Accept-Language": "en-US",
    }
    httpHeader = "\r\n".join("%s:%s" %(item,header[item]) for item in     header)
    print httpHeader
    clientSocket.send("%s\r\n\r\n" %(httpHeader))

except IOError:

    sys.exit(1)
final = ""
responseMessage = clientSocket.recv(1024)
while responseMessage:
    final += responseMessage
    responseMssage = clientSocket.recv(1024)

clientSocket.close()
print "final:",final