[英]Can jq handle nested JSON data?
也許這對於'jq'來說太過分了,我需要跳入python json模塊,但是讓我們為大師們挑戰一下吧!
我有一些JSON數據(來自i3窗口管理器),看起來有點像這樣(簡化)。 我想深入挖掘任意數量的.nodes / .floating_nodes級別,並拉出將“ window”設置為非null的.nodes或.floating_nodes。 :
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window": null,
"name": "__i3_scratch",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "foobar",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "__i3",
},
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window": null,
"name": "topdock",
},
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window": 8388613,
"name": "16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole",
"rect": {
"height": 1061,
"width": 1920,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
],
"window": null,
"name": "1",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "content",
},
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [
{
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window": 14680070,
"name": "i3bar for output VNC-0",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "bottomdock",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "VNC-0",
}
],
"window": null,
"name": "root",
}
我的示例JSON被我的簡化打斷了,所以這是完整版本:
{"id":10883136,"type":"root","orientation":"horizontal","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1080},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"root","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10883568,"type":"output","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":0.5,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"output","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1080},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"__i3","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10884128,"type":"con","orientation":"horizontal","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"content","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10884720,"type":"workspace","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"__i3_scratch","num":-1,"window":null,"nodes":[],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[],"fullscreen_mode":1,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10884720],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10884128],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]},{"id":10886256,"type":"output","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":0.5,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"output","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1080},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"VNC-0","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10886944,"type":"dockarea","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"dockarea","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":0},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"topdock","window":null,"nodes":[],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[{"dock":2,"insert_where":2}]},{"id":10887648,"type":"con","orientation":"horizontal","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1061},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"content","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10889056,"type":"workspace","orientation":"horizontal","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1061},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"1","num":1,"window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10895664,"type":"con","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":1.0,"urgent":false,"focused":true,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":1061},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":1,"y":1,"width":1918,"height":1059},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":958,"height":1059},"name":"16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole","window":8388613,"window_properties":{"class":"konsole","instance":"konsole","title":"16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole","transient_for":null},"nodes":[],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10895664],"fullscreen_mode":1,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10889056],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]},{"id":10888352,"type":"dockarea","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":null,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"dockarea","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":-1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":1061,"width":1920,"height":19},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"name":"bottomdock","window":null,"nodes":[{"id":10891392,"type":"con","orientation":"none","scratchpad_state":"none","percent":1.0,"urgent":false,"focused":false,"layout":"splith","workspace_layout":"default","last_split_layout":"splith","border":"pixel","current_border_width":1,"rect":{"x":0,"y":1061,"width":1920,"height":19},"deco_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":0,"height":0},"window_rect":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1920,"height":19},"geometry":{"x":0,"y":1061,"width":3840,"height":19},"name":"i3bar for output VNC-0","window":14680070,"window_properties":{"class":"i3bar","instance":"i3bar","title":"i3bar for output VNC-0","transient_for":null},"nodes":[],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10891392],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[{"dock":3,"insert_where":2}]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10887648,10886944,10888352],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}],"floating_nodes":[],"focus":[10886256,10883568],"fullscreen_mode":0,"sticky":false,"floating":"auto_off","swallows":[]}
當然,jq可以做到這一點!
首先,我們使用遞歸運算符..
,對所有內容進行遞歸迭代。 然后,獲得所有的.nodes
和.floating_nodes
,並使用?
忽略嘗試從數字,字符串或對象中獲取屬性而產生的錯誤。 然后,使用[]
獲得這些數組中的所有元素。 再次,忽略在上一步中的錯誤留下一些null
S,所以我們試圖使用忽略錯誤[]
對null
,以及符合S ?
。 最后,我們將所有內容通過管道傳遞給select(.window != null)
,並將每個結果包裝在數組中以便於處理。
jq '[.. | .floating_nodes?, .nodes? | .[]? | select(.window != null)]'
如果window
屬性只能出現在node
或floating_node
對象上,則可以通過僅搜索具有window
屬性的所有對象來簡化操作。
.. | objects | select(.window != null)
解決聖地亞哥的解決方案,並嘗試回填jq-1.3中可能缺少的內容,我可以這樣做:
jq 'recurse(.[]) | .floating_nodes, .nodes | .[] | select(.window != null) | select(.focused == true) | .name'
...它還給出了許多錯誤消息,例如:
jq: error: Cannot iterate over number
jq: error: Cannot iterate over null
jq: error: Cannot iterate over null
jq: error: Cannot index number with string
以下已通過jq 1.3、1.4和1.5進行了測試:
recurse(if type == "object" or type == "array" then .[] else empty end)
| select(type == "object")
| ( select(.nodes|type == "array") | .nodes[]),
( select(.floating_nodes|type == "array") | .floating_nodes[])
| select( .window != null )
使用給定輸入的“完整版本”,jq 1.3產生以下輸出:
{
"swallows": [],
"floating": "auto_off",
"sticky": false,
"fullscreen_mode": 0,
"focus": [],
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window_properties": {
"transient_for": null,
"title": "16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole",
"instance": "konsole",
"class": "konsole"
},
"window": 8388613,
"name": "16:11 bhepple:.../~ — Konsole",
"layout": "splith",
"focused": true,
"urgent": false,
"percent": 1,
"scratchpad_state": "none",
"orientation": "none",
"type": "con",
"id": 10895664,
"workspace_layout": "default",
"last_split_layout": "splith",
"border": "pixel",
"current_border_width": 1,
"rect": {
"height": 1061,
"width": 1920,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
"deco_rect": {
"height": 0,
"width": 0,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
"window_rect": {
"height": 1059,
"width": 1918,
"y": 1,
"x": 1
},
"geometry": {
"height": 1059,
"width": 958,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
}
}
{
"swallows": [],
"floating": "auto_off",
"sticky": false,
"fullscreen_mode": 0,
"focus": [],
"floating_nodes": [],
"nodes": [],
"window_properties": {
"transient_for": null,
"title": "i3bar for output VNC-0",
"instance": "i3bar",
"class": "i3bar"
},
"window": 14680070,
"name": "i3bar for output VNC-0",
"layout": "splith",
"focused": false,
"urgent": false,
"percent": 1,
"scratchpad_state": "none",
"orientation": "none",
"type": "con",
"id": 10891392,
"workspace_layout": "default",
"last_split_layout": "splith",
"border": "pixel",
"current_border_width": 1,
"rect": {
"height": 19,
"width": 1920,
"y": 1061,
"x": 0
},
"deco_rect": {
"height": 0,
"width": 0,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
"window_rect": {
"height": 19,
"width": 1920,
"y": 0,
"x": 0
},
"geometry": {
"height": 19,
"width": 3840,
"y": 1061,
"x": 0
}
}
這是一個使用tostream掃描來自給定輸入的[path,value]數組流的解決方案。 然后,它使用select來選擇僅以“ window”結尾且其對應值不為null的路徑。 最后,它使用foreach和getpath生成包含對象的流。
foreach ( tostream
| select(length == 2 and .[0][-1] == "window" and .[1] != null)
) as $p (
.
; .
; getpath($p[0][:-1])
)
編輯:我現在意識到形式為foreach E as $X (.; .; R)
的過濾器foreach E as $X (.; .; R)
幾乎總是可以重寫為E as $X | R
E as $X | R
所以上面真的是
( tostream | select(length == 2 and .[0][-1] == "window" and .[1] != null) ) as $p
| getpath($p[0][:-1])
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