Spring Boot`org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException：創建bean的錯誤注入自動綁定的依賴項失敗；

Question

我是一名Spring Boot新手，我有一個簡單的應用程序，其中包含控制器和Thymeleaf模板。

當應用程序啟動時，為了查看是否一切正常，應該運行一個名為RepoTester的Spring ApplicationListener來檢查服務類的方法。 服務類調用PersonRepository方法，該方法只是擴展了Spring的CrudRepository 。 但是，每次我嘗試運行該應用程序時，它都會給我以下信息：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'repoTester': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private webapps.city2016.micro.code.service.PersonService webapps.city2016.micro.code.bootstrap.RepoTester.personService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private webapps.city2016.micro.code.repo.PersonRepository webapps.city2016.micro.code.service.PersonServiceImpl.personRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [webapps.city2016.micro.code.repo.PersonRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

但我不明白為什么。

ApplicationListener類很簡單：

@Component
public class RepoTester implements ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent> {

@Autowired
private PersonService personService;

private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RepoTester.class);   

@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {
    logger.info(RepoTester.class.getName() + ".onApplicationEvent() method called."); 

    // Create Person.
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("Cleo Markham");
    person.setAddress("48 Alysbury Road");
    person.setTelephone("34561287");
    person.setEmail("c.laithwaite@collosus.net");
    person = personService.save(person);        

Person類很簡單：

public class Person {

    // Attributes.    
    private Integer personId;
    private String name;
    private String address;
    private String telephone;
    private String email;

每個屬性都有getter和setter方法。

該應用程序還有一個名為application.properties的屬性文件，該文件指定要使用的Derby數據庫：

spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/Library
spring.datasource.username=username
spring.datasource.password=password

服務類的代碼很簡單：

@Service()
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {

    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository personRepository;

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(PersonServiceImpl.class);   

    public PersonServiceImpl() {
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Integer personId) {
        logger.info(PersonServiceImpl.class.getName() + ".delete() method called."); 

        personRepository.delete(personId);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean exists(Integer personId) {
        logger.info(PersonServiceImpl.class.getName() + ".exists() method called."); 

        return personRepository.exists(personId);
    }

    @Override
    public Person findOne(Integer personId) {
        logger.info(PersonServiceImpl.class.getName() + ".findOne() method called."); 

        return personRepository.findOne(personId);
    }

    @Override
    public Iterable<Person> findAll() {
        logger.info(PersonServiceImpl.class.getName() + ".findAll() method called."); 

        return personRepository.findAll();
    }

    @Override
    public Person save(Person person) {
        logger.info(PersonServiceImpl.class.getName() + ".save() method called."); 

        return personRepository.save(person);
    }    

倉庫是：

package webapps.city2016.micro.code.repo;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;

import webapps.city2016.micro.code.model.Person;

public interface PersonRepository extends CrudRepository<Person, Integer> {
} 

我的Maven文件是：

http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd“> 4.0.0 webapps.city2016.micro注冊SpringBootThymeleaf1 1.0-SNAPSHOT jar
UTF-8 1.8 1.8

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath />
</parent>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.derby</groupId>
        <artifactId>derbyclient</artifactId>
        <version>10.12.1.1</version>
    </dependency>      
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>                    
</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

<name>RegistrationSpringBootThymeleaf1</name>

誰能告訴我我錯了嗎？

Answer 1

我嘗試了發布的兩個答案，但都沒有成功，因此該應用程序已通過手動編寫的DAO類轉換為Spring JDBC，並且運行良好。

任何有關JPA的建議都將受到歡迎。

Answer 2

您需要使用JPA注釋對Person進行注釋：

@Entity
@Table(name = "person")
public class Person {

    // Attributes.    
    private Integer personId;
    private String name;
    private String address;
    private String telephone;
    private String email;

    @Id
    @Column(name = "id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    public Integer getPersonId() { ... }

    @Basic
    @Column(name = "name")
    public String getName() { ... }

Answer 3

您可以在此處閱讀所有要求： http : //docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-jpa-and-spring-data

或檢查您是否已完成本教程中提到的所有內容： http : //spring.io/guides/gs/accessing-data-jpa/

特別檢查一下您是否具有：

• 用@SpringBootApplication注釋的主類
• 用@Entity注釋的實體類
• 用@Id注釋的實體上的主鍵，其類型與存儲庫（通用）的泛型類型匹配。
• 您的實體和存儲庫類位於主類或以下的包級別。