Python Tkinter 圖形界面計算器

Question

所以我目前正在制作一個 GUI 計算器，但不確定如何編寫執行計算器操作的代碼。 現在我已經設置了 window、輸入框和計算器按鈕，但目前它們都沒有實際執行任何操作。

我只是對這些按鈕在代碼中的表示方式感到困惑，所以我不確定如何編寫能夠讀取這些按鈕輸入並執行加法、減法等的代碼塊。

到目前為止，這是我的代碼

class Calculator(Frame):
def __init__(self,master):
    Frame.__init__(self,master)
    self.grid()

    self.dataEnt = Entry(self)
    self.dataEnt.grid(row = 0, column = 1, columnspan = 4)

    labels =[['AC','%','/'],
         ['7','8','9','*'],
         ['4','5','6','-'],
         ['1','2','3','+'],
         ['0','.','=']]
    label = Button(self,relief = RAISED, padx = 10, text = labels[0][0]) #AC
    label.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 2)
    label = Button(self,relief = RAISED, padx = 10, text = labels[0][1]) # %
    label.grid(row = 1, column = 3)
    label = Button(self,relief = RAISED, padx = 10, text = labels[0][2]) # /
    label.grid(row = 1, column = 4)
    for r in range(1,4):
        for c in range(4):
            #create label for row r and column c 
            label = Button(self,relief = RAISED,
                          padx = 10,
                          text = labels[r][c]) # 789* 456- 123+ 
            # place label in row r and column c
            label.grid(row = r+1, column = c+1)

    label = Button(self,relief = RAISED, padx = 10, text = labels[4][0]) #0
    label.grid(row = 5, column = 0, columnspan = 2)
    label = Button(self,relief = RAISED, padx = 10, text = labels[4][1]) # .
    label.grid(row = 5, column = 3)
    label = Button(self,relief = RAISED, padx = 10, text = labels[4][2]) # =
    label.grid(row = 5, column = 4)

  def operations(self,num ):

def main():
    root = Tk()
    root.title('Calculator')
    obj = Calculator(root)
    root.mainloop()            

這是計算器到目前為止的樣子

我的猜測是我需要以某種方式能夠將輸入讀取為字符串，然后讓 python 將該字符串作為數學表達式求值，但我不確定如何 go 了解它。

謝謝你的幫助！

Answer 1

您可以做的是將所有按鈕綁定到標識按鈕的方法並將字符串附加到列表或評估表達式。 然后可以在標簽中顯示該列表。

def button_press(self, event):
    widget = event.widget
    text = widget["text"]
    if text != "AC" and text != "=":
        self.operations.append(text)
    elif text == "AC":
        self.operations = []  # Clear the list.
    elif text == "=":
        self.evaluate()
    self.label["text"] = "".join(self.operations)

def evaluate(self):
    try:
        self.operations = [str(eval("".join(self.operations)))]
    except (ArithmeticError, SyntaxError, TypeError, NameError):
        self.operations = ["ERROR"]

這段代碼不能只是粘貼到您的程序中，它只是為了演示您如何解決問題。

Answer 2

簡單地使用 pyautogui 作為基本的 GUI 計算器

import math
import pyautogui
print( '+ =add |- =subtraction |* =multiplication | / =division |w =remainder of division |i =percentage |s =product of a number by itself \n'
        '|p =prime number |r =square root')
def p(num):
    for i in range(2, int(num)):
        if int(num) % i == 0:
            return i
    return False
while True:
    try:
        try:
            #----------------------------------------------------------#
            num=float(pyautogui.prompt('1st','pcalculator'))
            op=pyautogui.prompt('sign','pcalculator')
            if not op == 'p':
                nun=float(pyautogui.prompt('2nd','pcalculator'))
            if op=='+':
            x=pyautogui.confirm(num+nun,'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
            if x=='Cancel':
                break
            elif op=='-':
                x=pyautogui.confirm(num-nun,'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                if x=='Cancel':
                break
            elif op=='*':
                x=pyautogui.confirm(num*nun,'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                if x=='Cancel':
                break
            elif op=='/':
                x=pyautogui.confirm(num/nun,'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                if x=='Cancel':
                break
            elif op=='w':
                x=pyautogui.confirm(num%nun,'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                if x=='Cancel':
                break
            elif op=='i':
                x=pyautogui.confirm(num/nun*100,'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                if x=='Cancel':
                break
            elif op=='s':
                x=pyautogui.confirm(num**nun,'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                if x=='Cancel':
                break            
            elif op=='p':
                if p(num):
                    x=pyautogui.confirm((int(num),'is a composite number'),'pcalculator',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                    if x=='Cancel':
                        break
                else:
                    x=pyautogui.confirm((int(num),'is a prime number'),'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                    if x=='Cancel':
                        break
            elif op=='r':
                x=pyautogui.confirm(math.sqrt(num),'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                if x=='Cancel':
                    break
    #-------------------------------------------------------------------#
        except ZeroDivisionError:
                x=pyautogui.confirm("Error: you can not divide by 0",'pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
                if x=='Cancel':
                    break
    except ValueError:
        x=pyautogui.confirm('Invalid input,use only integers,decimals and symbols.','pcalculator ',buttons=['Ok','Cancel'])
        if x=='Cancel':
            break

Answer 3

Python Tkinter 沒有內置 eval 的 GUI 計算器 function

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk

class SimpleCalculator (Tk):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        frame = ttk.Frame(self)
        frame.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=(5, 5), padx=(5, 5))
        self.entry_screen_value = StringVar()
        self.screen_entry = ttk.Entry(frame, textvariable=self.entry_screen_value)
        self.screen_entry.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4, sticky=(W, E), pady=(5, 5))

        # btn_square = ttk.Button(frame, text = "√x", command = press_square)
        # btn_square.grid(row = 1, column = 0)

        btn_delete = ttk.Button(frame, text="  C  ", command = self.press_delete)
        btn_delete.grid(row=2, column=3)

        btn_9 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  9  ", command= self.press_nine)
        btn_9.grid(row=2, column=2)

        btn_8 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  8  ", command= self.press_eight)
        btn_8.grid(row=2, column=1)

        btn_7 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  7  ", command= self.press_seven)
        btn_7.grid(row=2, column=0)

        btn_add = ttk.Button(frame, text="  +  ", command=self.press_add)
        btn_add.grid(row=3, column=3)

        btn_6 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  6  ", command=self.press_six)
        btn_6.grid(row=3, column=2)

        btn_5 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  5  ", command=self.press_five)
        btn_5.grid(row=3, column=1)

        btn_4 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  4  ", command=self.press_four)
        btn_4.grid(row=3, column=0)

        btn_sub = ttk.Button(frame, text="  -  ", command=self.press_sub)
        btn_sub.grid(row=4, column=3)

        btn_3 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  3  ", command=self.press_three)
        btn_3.grid(row=4, column=2)

        btn_2 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  2  ", command=self.press_two)
        btn_2.grid(row=4, column=1)

        btn_1 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  1  ", command=self.press_one)
        btn_1.grid(row=4, column=0)

        btn_multi = ttk.Button(frame, text="  *  ", command=self.press_multi)
        btn_multi.grid(row=5, column=3)

        btn_0 = ttk.Button(frame, text="  0  ", command=self.press_zero)
        btn_0.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky=(W, E))

        btn_dot = ttk.Button(frame, text="  .  ", command=self.press_dot)
        btn_dot.grid(row=5, column=2)

        btn_divide = ttk.Button(frame, text="  ÷  ", command=self.press_divide)
        btn_divide.grid(row=6, column=3)

        btn_equal = ttk.Button(frame, text="  =  ", command=self.Press_equal)
        btn_equal.grid(row=6, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky=(W, E))


        self.mainloop()

    def press_zero(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "0")

    def press_one(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "1")

    def press_two(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "2")

    def press_three(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "3")

    def press_four(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "4")

    def press_five(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "5")

    def press_six(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "6")

    def press_seven(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "7")

    def press_eight(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "8")

    def press_nine(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "9")

    def press_dot(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, ".")

    def press_delete(self):
        val = self.entry_screen_value.get()[:-1]
        self.screen_entry.delete(0, END)
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, val)

    def press_add(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "+")

    def press_sub(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "-")

    def press_multi(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "*")

    def press_divide(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "÷")

    def press_square(self):
        self.screen_entry.insert(END, "√(")
        

    def Press_equal(self):
        formula = self.doMultiFirst(self.do_divide_first(self.convertTo(self.entry_screen_value.get())))

        result = 0
        temp = 0
        sign = ""
        if len(formula) == 1:
            result = formula[0]
        else:
            for di in formula:
                if di != "+" and di != "*" and di != "-" and di != "÷":
                    if sign == "+":
                        temp = float(di)
                        result += temp
                    elif sign == "-":
                        temp = float(di)
                        result -= temp
                    elif sign == "*":
                        temp = int(di)
                        result *= temp
                    elif sign == "÷":
                        temp = float(di)
                        result /= temp
                    else:
                        temp = float(di)
                        result = temp
                else:
                    if di == "+":
                        sign = "+"
                    elif di == "-":
                        sign = "-"
                    elif di == "*":
                        sign = "*"
                    elif di == "÷":
                        sign = "÷"

        self.screen_entry.delete(0, END)
        r = str(result).split(".")[-1:]
        if r[0] == '0':
            self.screen_entry.insert(END, int(result))
        else:
            self.screen_entry.insert(END, result)

        print(formula)

    # this function convert formula = "-1+11+3+5*5" to ['-1','+','11','+','3','+','5','*','5']
    def convertTo(self, nm):
        # this temp list we store our formula in it
        dd = []
        temp = ""
        for i in range(len(nm)):

            if nm[i] != "+" and nm[i] != "*" and nm[i] != "÷" and nm[i] != "-":
                temp += nm[i]

            else:
                # if our first input is -1 we need to combine it we second input and ill be like -1
                if i == 0 and nm[0] == "-":
                    temp = "-"
                else:
                    # we add prev combination like 11 to the list after we reach sign + or * or ..
                    dd += [temp]
                    dd += [nm[i]]
                    temp = ""

            if i == len(nm) - 1:
                dd += [temp]
        return dd

    # this function convert ['3','+','4','*','2','+','3'] to ['3','+','8','+','3']
    def doMultiFirst(self, ls):
        newlist = []
        for i in range(len(ls)):

            if ls[i] == "*":
                f = float(ls[i - 1])
                l = float(ls[i + 1])
                r = f * l
                ls[i + 1] = r
                ls[i] = 0
                ls[i - 1] = 0

        for k in ls:
            if k != 0:
                newlist += [k]
        return newlist

    # this function convert ['3','+','4','÷','2','+','3'] to ['3','+','2','+','3']
    def do_divide_first(self, ls):
        newlist = []
        for i in range(len(ls)):

            if ls[i] == "÷":
                f = float(ls[i - 1])
                l = float(ls[i + 1])
                r = f / l
                ls[i + 1] = r
                ls[i] = 0
                ls[i - 1] = 0

        for k in ls:
            if k != 0:
                newlist += [k]

        return newlist



if __name__ == "__main__":

    SimpleCalculator()