Spring Autowired null如果找不到null

Question

默認@Autowired Spring實現在未定義應自動裝配的bean時拋出錯誤。 是否可以配置Spring，將null賦給對象而不是拋出異常？

編輯：

我已將required=false添加到Autowired但它仍然無法正常工作。 那是我的代碼：

@Autowired
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

@Autowired(required = false)
private HelloService helloService;

public HelloController() {
    message = "Hello World";
    System.out.println("Controller constructor");
}

@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView helloWorld() {
    ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("hello");
    if (helloService == null) {
        System.out.println(message);
    } else {
        helloService.hello();
        BeanDefinitionRegistry factory = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) applicationContext.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();
        factory.removeBeanDefinition("helloService");
    }
    return modelAndView;
}

在第一個請求中它是自動裝配的，但在使用factory.removeBeanDefinition("helloService")刪除bean后的下一個請求中，控制器bean再次構造，並且我得到NoSuchBeanDefinitionException

EDIT2：

我用以下主體創建了另一個控制器：

@Autowired(required = false)
private TestService testService;

@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView hello() {
    ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("hello");
    return modelAndView;
}

並且它正常工作 - 對象為空並且不會出錯。 也許我應該使用不同的方法從Spring上下文中刪除bean？

堆棧跟蹤：

org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'helloService' is defined
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:698) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1175) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:284) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.resolvedCachedArgument(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.access$200(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:115) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:538) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE] 
...

重現步驟：

https://github.com/nowszy94/Autowired-null

Answer 1

您可以通過將required屬性設置為false來禁用此功能。

@Autowired(required=false)

如果Spring找不到bean，它會將字段unset設置為null。

Answer 2

問題是AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor緩存注入結果。 因此，當您從上下文中刪除bean時，此類認為此對象實際存在（請參閱私有類AutowiredFieldElement在AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class和方法注入中擴展InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement）。因此，您應該清除該緩存。

我找到的最愚蠢的方式是，但看起來你想要這樣做

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {

    @Autowired(required = false)
    private HelloService helloService;

    @Autowired
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView modelAndView() {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("hello");
        if (helloService != null) {
            helloService.hello();
            removeBean("helloService");
        }

        return modelAndView;
    }

    private void removeBean(String beanName) {
        BeanDefinitionRegistry factory = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) applicationContext
                .getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();
        factory.removeBeanDefinition(beanName);
        clearCache(factory);
    }

    private void clearCache(BeanDefinitionRegistry beanFactory){
        AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor processor = null;

        for (BeanPostProcessor beanPostProcessor : ((DefaultListableBeanFactory) beanFactory).getBeanPostProcessors()){
            if (beanPostProcessor.getClass().equals(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class)){
                processor = (AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor) beanPostProcessor;
            }
        }

        try {
            Field injectionMetadataCache = processor.getClass().getDeclaredField("injectionMetadataCache");
            injectionMetadataCache.setAccessible(true);
            Method clear = Map.class.getMethod("clear");
            clear.invoke( injectionMetadataCache.get(processor));
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }

}