SQL Server：比較行之間的日期
[英]SQL Server : compare dates between rows
問題描述
我正在使用SQL Server 2016，但無法弄清楚如何構建該查詢。
假設我有一個這樣的表：
ID EntryTime ResultTime
1 2016-05-02 13:30:00 2016-05-02 21:50:00
2 2016-05-02 14:45:00 2016-05-02 22:00:00
3 2016-05-02 16:30:00 2016-05-02 22:21:00
4 2016-05-03 01:00:00 2016-05-03 03:33:00
5 2016-05-03 10:30:00 2016-05-04 07:47:00
6 2016-05-03 12:30:00 2016-05-03 22:45:00
7 2016-05-04 11:30:00 2016-05-05 21:30:00
8 2016-05-04 12:30:00 2016-05-04 22:58:00
9 2016-05-04 13:30:00 2016-05-04 23:04:00
10 2016-05-04 13:45:00 2016-05-04 22:59:00
11 2016-05-04 14:00:00 2016-05-04 22:59:00
12 2016-05-04 14:15:00 2016-05-04 23:04:00
13 2016-05-04 17:45:00 2016-05-04 21:47:00
14 2016-05-05 23:30:00 2016-05-06 03:25:00
15 2016-05-05 23:45:00 2016-05-06 03:30:00
16 2016-05-06 00:00:00 2016-05-06 03:32:00
17 2016-05-06 00:15:00 2016-05-06 03:31:00
18 2016-05-06 00:30:00 2016-05-06 03:25:00
19 2016-05-06 00:45:00 2016-05-06 02:50:00
20 2016-05-06 01:00:00 2016-05-06 03:25:00
我只想選擇條目datetime在最后選擇的結果datetime之后的行。
例如：第1行的結果時間是“ 2016-05-02 21:50:00”，因此下一行將是第4行，因為這是輸入時間在上次選擇的結果時間之后的第一行，下一行應該在第4行的結果時間之后（“ 2016-05-03 03:33:00”之后），因此下一行將是第5行。
請求的結果是：
ID EntryTime ResultTime
1 2016-05-02 13:30:00 2016-05-02 21:50:00
4 2016-05-03 01:00:00 2016-05-03 03:33:00
5 2016-05-03 10:30:00 2016-05-04 07:47:00
7 2016-05-04 11:30:00 2016-05-05 21:30:00
14 2016-05-05 23:30:00 2016-05-06 03:25:00
3 個解決方案
解決方案1
2 已采納 2016-10-11 00:46:27
一種方法是使用遞歸CTE獲取下一行。 例如，
with cte as (
select *
from myTable
where id = 1
union all
select t.*
from myTable t
cross join cte
where t.id = (
select id
from (
select id, row_number() over (order by id) rn
from myTable
where entrytime > cte.resulttime) z
where rn = 1)
)
select * from cte;
編輯：對於多個“符號”，這是一種可以工作的方法（帶有示例數據）。
DECLARE @myTable TABLE (Symbol CHAR(3), EntryTime DATETIME, ResultTime DATETIME)
INSERT @myTable VALUES ('AAA','2016-05-02 13:30:00','2016-05-02 21:50:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-02 14:45:00','2016-05-02 22:00:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-02 16:30:00','2016-05-02 22:21:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-03 01:00:00','2016-05-03 03:33:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-03 10:30:00','2016-05-04 07:47:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-03 12:30:00','2016-05-03 22:45:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-04 11:30:00','2016-05-05 21:30:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-04 12:30:00','2016-05-04 22:58:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-04 13:30:00','2016-05-04 23:04:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-04 13:45:00','2016-05-04 22:59:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-04 14:00:00','2016-05-04 22:59:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-04 14:15:00','2016-05-04 23:04:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-04 17:45:00','2016-05-04 21:47:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-05 23:30:00','2016-05-06 03:25:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-05 23:45:00','2016-05-06 03:30:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-06 00:00:00','2016-05-06 03:32:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-06 00:15:00','2016-05-06 03:31:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-06 00:30:00','2016-05-06 03:25:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-06 00:45:00','2016-05-06 02:50:00')
,('AAA','2016-05-06 01:00:00','2016-05-06 03:25:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-02 01:00:00','2016-05-02 03:01:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-02 02:00:00','2016-05-02 03:05:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-02 03:00:00','2016-05-02 03:40:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-02 04:00:00','2016-05-02 04:01:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-02 05:00:00','2016-05-03 07:00:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-02 06:00:00','2016-05-02 07:00:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-03 06:00:00','2016-05-03 07:05:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-04 06:01:00','2016-05-04 07:08:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-04 06:07:00','2016-05-04 07:52:00')
,('BBB','2016-05-05 06:00:00','2016-05-05 07:49:00')
,('CCC','2016-05-05 06:00:00','2016-05-05 07:04:00')
,('CCC','2016-05-05 06:05:00','2016-05-05 06:55:00')
,('CCC','2016-05-05 07:00:00','2016-05-05 07:10:00')
,('CCC','2016-05-05 07:06:00','2016-05-05 08:05:00')
,('CCC','2016-05-05 08:00:00','2016-05-05 08:15:00')
,('CCC','2016-05-05 08:09:00','2016-05-05 09:00:00');
WITH myTable AS (
SELECT Symbol, EntryTime, ResultTime, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Symbol ORDER BY EntryTime) RN
FROM @myTable)
, CTE AS (
SELECT *
FROM myTable
WHERE RN = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT T.*
FROM CTE
CROSS APPLY (
SELECT Symbol, EntryTime, ResultTime, RN
FROM (
SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY EntryTime) RN2
FROM myTable
WHERE Symbol = CTE.Symbol
AND EntryTime > CTE.ResultTime) Z
WHERE RN2 = 1) T
)
SELECT Symbol, EntryTime, ResultTime--, RN [ID?]
FROM CTE
ORDER BY Symbol;
解決方案2
1 2016-10-11 02:25:40
您可以使用以下查詢：
select *
from @t t1
where not exists (
select 1
from @t t2
where t2.id < t1.id and t2.resultDate > t1.entryDate
)
解決方案3
1 2016-10-14 02:23:29
我認為有時候游標是答案
CREATE FUNCTION getSelected
(
)
RETURNS @res TABLE
(
id int, EntryTime DATETIME, ResultTime DATETIME
)
AS
BEGIN
declare @idC int;
declare @ResultTimeC DATETIME;
declare @EntryTimeC DATETIME;
declare @lastNextDate DATETIME;
DECLARE Iterator CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD
FOR SELECT id, EntryTime, ResultTime FROM dbo.tt1 order by EntryTime, id
OPEN Iterator
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM Iterator INTO @idC, @EntryTimeC, @ResultTimeC
IF @@FETCH_STATUS < 0 BREAK
if(@lastNextDate is null or @lastNextDate < @EntryTimeC) begin
set @lastNextDate = @ResultTimeC;
insert into @res (id, EntryTime, ResultTime) values (@idC, @EntryTimeC, @ResultTimeC);
end;
END
CLOSE Iterator
DEALLOCATE Iterator;
RETURN
END
編輯
和多符號版本
CREATE FUNCTION getSelected2
(
)
RETURNS @res TABLE
(
id int, EntryTime DATETIME, ResultTime DATETIME, Symbol char(3)
)
AS
BEGIN
declare @idC int;
declare @ResultTimeC DATETIME;
declare @EntryTimeC DATETIME;
declare @SymbolC char(3);
declare @lastNextDate DATETIME;
declare @lastSymbol char(3);
DECLARE Iterator CURSOR FAST_FORWARD
FOR SELECT id, EntryTime, ResultTime, Symbol FROM dbo.tt2 order by Symbol, EntryTime, id
OPEN Iterator
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM Iterator INTO @idC, @EntryTimeC, @ResultTimeC, @SymbolC
IF @@FETCH_STATUS < 0 BREAK
if(@lastSymbol is null or @lastSymbol <> @SymbolC) begin
set @lastSymbol = @SymbolC;
set @lastNextDate = null;
end;
if(@lastNextDate is null or @lastNextDate < @EntryTimeC) begin
set @lastNextDate = @ResultTimeC;
insert into @res (id, EntryTime, ResultTime, Symbol) values (@idC, @EntryTimeC, @ResultTimeC, @SymbolC);
end;
END
CLOSE Iterator
DEALLOCATE Iterator;
RETURN
END
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