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如何使用fscanf將字符串放入數組中?

[英]How to use fscanf to put strings into an array?

因此,我正在使用fscanf來讀取文件,並且正在嘗試將這些字符串放入數組中。 看來可行,但是我只將最后一個字符串放入數組中。 當我嘗試打印時,我只打印我最后一個字符串的字符。 我沒有包括我的方法,因為它不會影響fscanf功能,以防萬一有人感到困惑。 另外,我的CMDLINE文件具有以下字符串foo barr tar 526-4567 456-8792

輸出是:

456-8792
56-8792
6-8792

等等...

2

這是代碼:

int main (int argC, char *argV[]) {
    FILE *fp;
    int index;
    int ret;
    char str[1000];

    //Need at least 2 files to begin program
    if (argC < 3) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s file\n", argV[0]);
        exit(1);
    }//if statemtn

    //check to see if the CMDLINE file is in the arguements
    ret = scanC(argC, argV);

    //if no CMDLINE file is found, print error and exit
    if (ret == 1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "you must provide a CMDLINE file\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    //iterate and open CMDLINE file and read from it
    for (index = 0; index < argC; index++) {
        if (strcmp(argV[index], "CMDLINE") == 0) {
            fp = fopen(argV[index], "r");
            //error check
            if (fp == NULL) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Counld not open file %s\n", argV[index]);
                exit(1);
            }//if statment

            //read from fscanf and put it's arguements into an array
            while (!feof(fp)) {
                char *p2 = str;
                //scan the strings of the file into str array
                while (fscanf(fp, "%s", p2) != EOF) {
                    p2++;
                }//while loop 2
            }//while lop 1

            //close the file for it is not needed to be open anymore
            fclose(fp);
        }//if statement
    }//for looop

    char *p;
    p = str;
    int j;
    for (j = 0; j < strlen(str); j++) {
        printf("%s\n", p);
        p++;
    }
    return 1;
}
char *p;
p = str;
int j;
for (j = 0; j < strlen(str); j++) 
{
    printf("%s\n", p);
    p++;
}

您只有一個字符串,例如"abcd" ,您可以將其打印為printf("%s\\n", str); 而是從不同的偏移量開始打印相同的字符串。 結果如下:

abcd
bcd
cd
d

也許您對“字符數組”和“字符串數組”感到困惑

//This will reserve 100 character arrays, or 100 strings
char *arr[100];

int count = 0;
while (fscanf(fp, "%999s", str) == 1)
{
    arr[count] = malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
    strcpy(arr[count], str);
    count++;
    if (count == 100)
        break;
}

int i;
for (i = 0; i < count; i++) 
    printf("%s\n", arr[i]);

在實際的應用程序中,您可以使用mallocrealloc分配足夠大的字符串數組以讀取文件。

您可以使用標記來設置“當前字符”:

char *p2 = str;
size_t k = 0;
size_t pos = 0;
//scan the strings of the file into str array at position pos
while((k = fscanf(fp, "%s", p2 + pos)) != EOF){
    // update pos
    pos += k;
    p2++;
}//while loop 2

這將使您可以將整個文件存儲在您的字符串中(只要少於1000個字符)! 否則,只需在while循環中添加防護措施即可。

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