使用鍵數組遍歷嵌套的Ruby哈希

Question

給定具有n級嵌套值的哈希，字段名稱和路徑

contact = {
  "Email" => "bob@bob.com",
  "Account" => {
    "Exchange" => true,
    "Gmail" => false,
    "Team" => {
      "Closing_Sales" => "Bob Troy",
      "Record" => 1234
    }
  }
}

field = "Record"
path = ["Account", "Team"] #Must support arbitrary path length

如何定義一個方法來檢索路徑末尾的字段值。

def get_value(hash, field, path)
  ?
end

get_value(contact, "Record", ["Account", "Team"])
=> 1234

Answer 1

您可以使用Array#inject ：表示hash['Account']['Team'] ， return_value_of_inject['Record'] ：

def get_value(hash, field, path)
  path.inject(hash) { |hash, x| hash[x] }[field]
end

get_value(contact, field, path) # => 1234

順便說一句， get_value(contact, ['Account', 'Team', 'Record'])怎么樣？

def get_value2(hash, path)
  path.inject(hash) { |hash, x| hash[x] }
end

get_value2(contact, ['Account', 'Team', 'Record']) # => 1234

或get_value(contact, 'Account.Team.Record')

def get_value3(hash, path)
  path.split('.').inject(hash) { |hash, x| hash[x] }
end

get_value3(contact, 'Account.Team.Record')   # => 1234

Answer 2

讓我們將“字段”視為“路徑”的最后一個元素。 那就簡單了

def grab_it(h, path)
  h.dig(*path)
end

grab_it contact, ["Account", "Team", "Record"]
  #=> 1234 
grab_it contact, ["Account", "Team", "Rabbit"]
  #=> nil
grab_it(contact, ["Account", "Team"]
  # => {"Closing_Sales"=>"Bob Troy", "Record"=>1234} 
grab_it contact, ["Account"]
  #=> {"Exchange"=>true, "Gmail"=>false, "Team"=>{"Closing_Sales"=>"Bob Troy",
  #    "Record"=>1234}} 

Hash＃dig在v2.3中添加了。

Answer 3

def get_value(contact, field, path)
  path.inject(contact) {|p, j| p.fetch(j, {}) }.fetch(field, nil)
end