如何修復 UnicodeDecodeError：“ascii”編解碼器無法在 Windows 上解碼字節

Question

我在 Windows 10 上使用 python 2.7。我嘗試使用“pip install openpyxl”安裝 openpyxl，但我得到了一些錯誤，以“UnicodeDecodeError: ‘ascii’ codec can't decode byte”結尾。 我在此站點上搜索了解決方案，並嘗試按照其中之一的建議升級 pip。 當我輸入“pip install --upgrade pip”時，我得到了同樣的錯誤（我粘貼了下面的錯誤跟蹤）。

C:\Users\Gal>pip install --upgrade pip
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 299, in     
run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py", line 370, in   
prepare_files
    ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py", line 458, in     
_prepare_file
    req_to_install, finder)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py", line 407, in     
_check_skip_installed
    finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, self.upgrade)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 442, in     
find_requirement
    all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 400, in    
find_all_candidates
    for page in self._get_pages(url_locations, project_name):
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 545, in _get_pages
    page = self._get_page(location)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 648, in _get_page
    return HTMLPage.get_page(link, session=self.session)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 757, in get_page
    "Cache-Control": "max-age=600",
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\sessions.py",     
line 487, in get
    return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\download.py", line 378, in request
    return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\sessions.py",     
line 475, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\sessions.py",    
line 617, in send
    r.content
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\models.py", line  
741, in content
    self._content = bytes().join(self.iter_content(CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE)) or   
bytes()
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\models.py", line   
664, in generate
    for chunk in self.raw.stream(chunk_size, decode_content=True):
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-  
packages\pip\_vendor\requests\packages\urllib3\response.py", line 353, in   
stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-  
packages\pip\_vendor\requests\packages\urllib3\response.py", line 310, in     
read
    data = self._fp.read(amt)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-    
packages\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 54, in read
    self.__callback(self.__buf.getvalue())
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-  
packages\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\controller.py", line 297, in   
cache_response
    self.serializer.dumps(request, response, body=body),
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\download.py", line 281, in set
    return super(SafeFileCache, self).set(*args, **kwargs)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site- 
packages\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\caches\file_cache.py", line 99, in set
    with self.lock_class(name) as lock:
  File "c:\python27\lib\site- 
packages\pip\_vendor\lockfile\mkdirlockfile.py", line 19, in __init__
    LockBase.__init__(self, path, threaded, timeout)
  File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\lockfile\__init__.py",  
line 242, in __init__
    hash(self.path)))
  File "c:\python27\lib\ntpath.py", line 85, in join
    result_path = result_path + p_path
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xee in position 0:   
ordinal not in range(128)

我該如何解決這個問題？

Answer 1

我上面的答案（Gal Avineri 的答案）幾乎是正確的。 您應該轉到ntpath文件並更改該行。

result_path = result_path + p_path

到線，

result_path = result_path + p_path.decode('latin1')

Answer 2

我發現了問題。

我看到最后一個錯誤來自ntpath，試圖使用ascii解碼一個字節。 這意味着 result_path 或 p_path 是未以 ascii 編碼的字符串。

當我打印它們的類型時，它顯示 result_path 是 unicode 而 p_path 是一個字符串。 當我打印 p_path 時，我意識到它是用 latin1 編碼的。

所以我替換了這一行：

result_path = result_path + p_path

到線：

result_path = result_path + decode(p_path,'latin1')

這解決了它：D

Answer 3

以上答案給了我正確的線索，但兩種解決方案都不適合我。 原來我遇到了這個問題，因為我在 Windows 中的用戶名中有一個“å”。

我通過將行更改為：

result_path = result_path + p_path.encode('utf-8')