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對象創建中的構造方法,設置方法,獲取方法問題

[英]Constructor, Setter, Getter issue in an object creation

我正在基於多個變量來創建汽車制造類,例如年份(annee),品牌(marque),顏色(couleur)里程表(kilometrage),已售出(vendue),變速器(automatique),評論(commentaire)和編號門(nbrPortes)。

代碼中的參數是法語的,因為我在法國的一所大學,所以請多多包涵。

我的代碼需要完全符合設置器,構造器和克隆器方法的要求(強制)。 我自己做吸氣劑,並自己增加了IDnumber和compteurvendue(售出汽車的數量)。

這是我的代碼:

public class Automobile {

    private static final String[] COULEURS = { "Autre", "Noir", "Blanc", "Bleu Nuit", "Bleu Clair", "Vert Pomme", "Vert Bouteille", "Taupe", "Argent", "Sable", "Gris Charbon", "Gris Clair", "Orange", "Rouge", "Jaune", "Brun" };

    private static final String[] MARQUES = { "Autre", "Mazda", "Toyota", "Ford", "GM", "Hyunday", "BMW", "SAAB", "Honda", "Mitsubishi", "Mercedes", "KIA", "Wolkswagen"};    


    public static final int COULEUR_DEF = 8;
    public static final int COULEUR_MIN = 0;
    public static final int COULEUR_MAX = COULEURS.length - 1;

    public static final int MARQUE_DEF = 4;
    public static final int MARQUE_MIN = 0;
    public static final int MARQUE_MAX = MARQUES.length - 1;

    public static final double KILO_DEFAUT = 55000;
    public static final double KILO_MIN = 15000;
    public static final double KILO_MAX = 140000;

    public static final int DEUX_PORTES = 2;
    public static final int QUATRE_PORTES = 4;
    public static final int PORTES_DEFAUT = QUATRE_PORTES;

    public static final boolean AUTO_DEF = true;
    public static final int ANNEE_MIN = 1997;
    public static final int ANNEE_MAX = 2016;
    public static final int ANNEE_DEFAUT = 2007;

    public static final String COMM_DEFAUT = "";

    public static final boolean VENDUE_DEF = false;

    //private variables

    private int marque;
    private int annee;
    private int couleur;
    private boolean a;
    private boolean automatique;
    private double k;
    private double kilometrage;
    private int p;
    private int nbrPortes;
    private String c;
    private String commentaire;
    private boolean v;
    private boolean vendue;
    private int compteurvendue = 0;

    private int IDnumber = 0;

// CONSTRUCTORS. I do not know I have to make 2, I am thinking for the purpose of the cloning without copying certain variables? I'm confused about this.

    public Automobile (int marque, int annee, int couleur, boolean automatique, double kilometrage) {


        if (marque>= MARQUE_MIN && marque <= MARQUE_MAX) {
            this.marque = marque;
        } else {
            this.marque = MARQUE_DEF;
        }

        if (annee>= ANNEE_MIN && annee <= ANNEE_MAX) {
            this.annee = annee;
        } else {
            this.annee = ANNEE_DEFAUT;
        }

        if (couleur>= COULEUR_MIN && couleur <= COULEUR_MAX) {
            this.couleur = couleur;
        } else {
            this.couleur = COULEUR_DEF;
        }

        if (a == true || a == false) {
            this.automatique = a;
        } else {
            this.automatique = AUTO_DEF;
        }

        if (k >= KILO_MIN && k <= KILO_MAX) {
            this.kilometrage = k;
        } else {
            this.kilometrage = KILO_DEFAUT;
        }

        this.IDnumber = IDnumber + 1;

    }

    public Automobile (int marque, int annee, int couleur, boolean automatique, double kilometrage,
                    int nbrPortes, String commentaire, boolean vendue){

        if (marque>= MARQUE_MIN && marque <= MARQUE_MAX) {
            this.marque = marque;
        } else {
            this.marque = MARQUE_DEF;
        }

        if (annee>= ANNEE_MIN && annee <= ANNEE_MAX) {
            this.annee = annee;
        } else {
            this.annee = ANNEE_DEFAUT;
        }

        if (couleur>= COULEUR_MIN && couleur <= COULEUR_MAX) {
            this.couleur = couleur;
        } else {
            this.couleur = COULEUR_DEF;
        }

        if (a == true || a == false) {
            this.automatique = a;
        } else {
            this.automatique = AUTO_DEF;
        }

        if (k >= KILO_MIN && k <= KILO_MAX) {
            this.kilometrage = k;
        } else {
            this.kilometrage = KILO_DEFAUT;
        }

        if (p == DEUX_PORTES || p == QUATRE_PORTES) {
            this.nbrPortes = p;
        } else {
            this.nbrPortes = PORTES_DEFAUT;
        }

        if (c != "") {
            this.commentaire = c;
        } else {
            this.commentaire = COMM_DEFAUT;
        }

        if (v == true || v == false) {
            this.vendue = v;
        } else {
            this.vendue = VENDUE_DEF;
        } 

        this.IDnumber = IDnumber + 1; //The problem is that the IDnumber is 1 for every new instance I create, wether I have the this. in front or not.

    }


//HERE I AM SUPPOSED TO PUT IN A CLASS GETTER...I have not managed to make it work in any way

    public static Automobile getAutomobile() {
        return null; //just put a null return in the meantime so I can compile
    }

//GETTERS

    public int getAnnee() {
        return annee;
    } 

    public int getMarque() {
        return marque;
    } 

    public int getCouleur() {
        return couleur;
    } 

    public int getNbrPortes() {
        return p;
    } 

    public double getKilometrage() {
        return k;
    } 
    public boolean getVendue() {
        return v;
    } 
    public String getCommentaire() {
        return c;
    } 
    public boolean getAutomatique() {
        return a;
    } 

//Setters. According to the imposed settings, Not supposed to have any error message or correction in case of wrong input, it just goes right through?

    public void setAnnee ( int annee ) {
        //A COMPLETER
        if (annee >= ANNEE_MIN && annee <= ANNEE_MAX) {
            this.annee = annee;
        }
    }

    public void setMarque (int marque){
       //A COMPLETER
       if (marque >= MARQUE_MIN && marque <= MARQUE_MAX) {
           this.marque = marque;
       }
    }

    public void setCouleur (int couleur) {
      //A COMPLETER
      if (couleur >= COULEUR_MIN && couleur <= COULEUR_MAX){
          this.couleur = couleur;
      }
    }

    public void setNbrPortes (int p) {
        //A COMPLETER
        if (p == DEUX_PORTES || p == QUATRE_PORTES){
            this.p = p;
        }
    }

    public void setKilometrage (double k) {
        //A COMPLETER  
        if (k >= KILO_MIN && k <= KILO_MAX) {
            this.k = k;
        }
    }

    // This is supposed to count if I select a car as sold, and counts how many are sold in total (So I can later show it to the user)

    public void setVendue (boolean v) {

        if (v == true || v == false) {
            this.v = v;
        }
        if (v = true) {
            compteurvendue = compteurvendue + 1;
        }
    }

//Sets comment as long as it is not null
    public void setCommentaire (String c){

        if (c != null) {
            this.c = c;
        }
    }

    public void setAutomatique (boolean a){
        if (a == true || a == false) {
            this.a = a;
        }
    }

   //Supposed to be able to create a clone of the car with all the same variables except the comment and sold that are reverted to default, and the IDnumber which will be a new one (+1)

    public Automobile cloner () {
        Automobile Clone = new Automobile(marque,annee,couleur,a,k,p,COMM_DEFAUT,VENDUE_DEF);
        return Clone;
    }

} // Automobile

我的代碼有多個部分當前無法正常工作:

  • 當我在BlueJ環境中測試汽車時,第一個Automobile構造函數會接受我的變量輸入,但是布爾值(vendue和automatique)始終以FALSE形式出現,注釋始終以COMM_DEFAUT形式(空字符串“”)出現。

  • 第二個構造函數將實例中的所有內容都作為默認值顯示出來,即使我輸入了有效值也是如此。 布爾值和注釋仍然存在相同的問題。

  • 我不明白如何創建“類獲取器” ...在這種情況下其目的是什么

  • IDnumber始終顯示為1。在創建每個新對象之間,它不會保存在內存中。

  • 我感覺自己的克隆器方法正確,但是我無法調用它或對其進行測試以甚至無法創建DEFAULT汽車。

***請記住,除了私有變量和getter方法之外,所有設置方法,構造方法,最終變量和克隆器標頭的標頭都是強制性的,無法修改(這使這變得更加困難) 。

如何解決我的代碼遇到的這些不同問題? 非常感謝您,因為這個社區已經非常有用!

第一個構造函數自動生成和注釋:存在拼寫錯誤或復制/粘貼問題:)

if (a == true || a == false) {
        **this.automatique = a;**
    } else {
        this.automatique = AUTO_DEF;
    }

尖線是什么? 實際上等於

this.automatique = this.a; 

不是構造函數的自動參數。

那么,為什么要完全擁有兩個變量a和automatique呢? (其他人也一樣)。 然后

if (a == true || a == false)

完全沒有意義 布爾值a只能是true或false,那么if的結果是什么?

因此,刪除不需要的重復變量。 然后走這種模式:

// holder
private int marque;

//constructor: sure there will be all other parameters as well
public Automobile (int marque)    
{
   //if it is needed to check between MIN and MAx do it as in your code. (not for boolean :) )
   this.marque = marque;
}

// getter
public int getMarque()
{
  return this.marque;
}
// setter 
public void setMarque(int marque)
{
   //if it is needed to check between MIN and MAx do it as in your code.
  this.marque = marque;
}

// cloner
public Automobile clone()
{
    // sure there will be all other parameters and logic as well
    Automobile clonedAuto = new Automobile(this.marque);
    return clonedAuto;
}

而已。

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