Java無法打開IntelliJ構建的jar

Question

我打開由IntelliJ構建的.jar文件時遇到問題。

它引發異常：

    Exception in Application start method
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplicationWithArgs(LauncherImpl.java:389)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:328)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper$FXHelper.main(LauncherHelper.java:767)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:917)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication$155(LauncherImpl.java:182)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Location is not set.
        at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2434)
        at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(FXMLLoader.java:2409)
        at application.MainApp.initRootLayout(MainApp.java:51)
        at application.MainApp.start(MainApp.java:42)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1$162(LauncherImpl.java:863)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait$175(PlatformImpl.java:326)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$null$173(PlatformImpl.java:295)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$174(PlatformImpl.java:294)
        at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:95)
        at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
        at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$148(WinApplication.java:191)
        ... 1 more
Exception running application application.MainApp

但是，當我嘗試使用IntelliJ運行程序時（運行->運行“ MainApp”），它可以正常運行。 你可以幫幫我嗎 ？

MainApp.java

package application;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
import javafx.stage.Modality;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import model.Person;
import view.PersonEditDialogController;
import view.PersonOverviewController;

import java.io.IOException;

public class MainApp extends Application {

    private Stage primaryStage;
    private BorderPane rootLayout;

    private ObservableList<Person> personData = FXCollections.observableArrayList();


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

    public MainApp() throws IOException {
        personData.add(new Person("Name Surname"));
        personData.add(new Person("Name Surname"));
        personData.add(new Person("Name Surname"));
    }


    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
        this.primaryStage = primaryStage;
        this.primaryStage.setTitle("My Application Title");

        initRootLayout();

        showPersonOverview();
    }

    public void initRootLayout() {
        try {
            FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
            loader.setLocation(MainApp.class.getResource("../view/RootLayout.fxml"));
            rootLayout = (BorderPane) loader.load();

            Scene scene = new Scene(rootLayout);
            primaryStage.setScene(scene);
            primaryStage.show();
        }
        catch(IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void showPersonOverview() {
        try {
            FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
            loader.setLocation(MainApp.class.getResource("../view/PersonOverview.fxml"));
            AnchorPane personOverview = (AnchorPane) loader.load();

            rootLayout.setCenter(personOverview);

            PersonOverviewController controller = loader.getController();
            controller.setMainApp(this);
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public boolean showPersonEditDialog(Person person) {
        try {
            FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
            loader.setLocation(MainApp.class.getResource("../view/PersonEditDialog.fxml"));
            AnchorPane page = (AnchorPane) loader.load();

            Stage dialogStage = new Stage();
            dialogStage.setTitle("Edit Person");
            dialogStage.initModality(Modality.WINDOW_MODAL);
            dialogStage.initOwner(primaryStage);
            Scene scene = new Scene(page);
            dialogStage.setScene(scene);

            PersonEditDialogController controller = loader.getController();
            controller.setDialogStage(dialogStage);
            controller.setPerson(person);

            dialogStage.showAndWait();

            return controller.isOkClicked();
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    public Stage getPrimaryStage() {
        return primaryStage;
    }

    public ObservableList<Person> getPersonData() {
        return personData;
    }

}

Answer 1

我的猜測是，如果在.jar上下文中調用MainApp.class.getResource("../view/PersonOverview.fxml")返回'null'。 這意味着將setLocation(null) ，這解釋了為什么異常表明沒有位置的原因。

資源加載的行為取決於類加載器。 在IntelliJ中（使用run），它為硬盤上的文件返回一個URI，而對於后一種情況，它將為.jar中的文件返回一個URI。 可能會破壞它的是資產（“ ..”）的相對位置。

給定資源根目錄（“ /view/PersonOverview.fxml”）的絕對位置可能會解決此問題，盡管可能需要進行一些測試。