Python類：Lambda名稱錯誤 - 未定義名稱

Question

我是Python 3.6的初學者。 我正在嘗試創建一個名為“Week”的類，它將執行某些操作並最終打印變量'avg_mon'的值。

為了計算'avg_mon'的值，我使用了匿名函數'lambda'。

from datetime import datetime
from datetime import date
from operator import add
from operator import itemgetter

class Week():
    blank_mon=[0]*24
    sum_mon=blank_mon
    count_mon=0

    print ("Blank Monday: ",blank_mon)
    #curr_mon=[1,0,2,0,3,0,4,0,5,0,3,0,3,0,2,0,1,0,2,0,1,0,1,0]
    curr_mon=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]
    print ("Current Monday",curr_mon)
    count_mon = count_mon + 1
    print ("Monday Count:",count_mon)
    sum_mon=list(map(add,sum_mon,curr_mon))                   #Adds all the Mondays together for each hour
    print ("Total sum of all Mondays::",sum_mon)
    avg_mon = list(map(lambda w_mon: float(w_mon)/count_mon,sum_mon))   #Gets the average of the Mondays for each hour
    print ("Average Monday::",avg_mon)


mon = Week()

當我執行代碼時，我收到以下錯誤。 我的代碼中沒有看到任何拼寫/命名錯誤。 我無法弄清楚這種錯誤背后的原因。

Blank Monday:  [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
Current Monday [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
Monday Count: 1
Total sum of all Mondays:: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\Admin\Documents\GitHub\Doze\functest.py", line 27, in <module>
class Week():
File "C:\Users\Admin\Documents\GitHub\Doze\functest.py", line 40, in Week
avg_mon = list(map(lambda w_mon: float(w_mon)/count_mon,sum_mon))   #Gets the average of the Mondays for each hour
File "C:\Users\Admin\Documents\GitHub\Doze\functest.py", line 40, in <lambda>
avg_mon = list(map(lambda w_mon: float(w_mon)/count_mon,sum_mon))   #Gets the average of the Mondays for each hour
NameError: name 'count_mon' is not defined

Answer 1

您可能希望將一些此代碼放入構造函數中。 如上所述，它都被定義為類的一部分，這會導致您的問題： count_mon lambda函數時count_mon不在范圍內。

將此代碼__init__函數中：

class Week(): 
    def __init__(self):
        blank_mon=[0]*24
        sum_mon=blank_mon
        count_mon=0

        print ("Blank Monday: ",blank_mon)
        #curr_mon=[1,0,2,0,3,0,4,0,5,0,3,0,3,0,2,0,1,0,2,0,1,0,1,0]
        curr_mon=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]
        print ("Current Monday",curr_mon)
        count_mon = count_mon + 1
        print ("Monday Count:",count_mon)
        sum_mon=list(map(add,sum_mon,curr_mon))                   #Adds all the Mondays together for each hour
        print ("Total sum of all Mondays::",sum_mon)
        avg_mon = list(map(lambda w_mon: float(w_mon)/count_mon,sum_mon))   #Gets the average of the Mondays for each hour
        print ("Average Monday::",avg_mon)

以下是為什么會發生這種情況的完整解釋： 從類定義中的列表解析中訪問類變量