Powershell腳本可在調試器中運行，但不能在正常運行時運行（ISE）

Question

僅當我在ISE中調試此腳本（版本1）時，該腳本才能工作。 但是如果執行它，它將不會刪除oldFilesPath中的文件，而是將新文件從backupPath復制到那里。 我嘗試了其他方法，如管道的Remove-Item。 德爾也不會工作。 現在，我做了一些實驗，並編寫了第二個版本（版本2）。 我將自己的操作放入函數中，並獲得了相同的意外行為。 但是，如果我在兩個函數之間停頓了例如60秒鍾，就我而言，腳本運行良好。 所以我認為Powershell不能很好地管理執行或類似的事情。.我不知道。 也許有人對此有解釋？

版本1

function createIfDontExist ($directory) 
{
    if (-not (Test-Path -Path "$directory" -PathType Container)) {
        New-Item -Path "$directory" -ItemType directory
    }
}

#current user
$user="$env:username"

#Driveletter of the backup drive
$driveLetter="D:"

#date from today
$currentDate = Get-Date 

################################################################################################################
#if no HDD detected, error message appears                                         
$backupDrive = Test-Path "$driveLetter\"
if($backupDrive -eq $false) {
    "Backup-HDD not connected!" | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\hddTest.txt"
    #"$currentDate : Backup failed!" | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\outlookBackup.txt" -Append
exit
}
else {
    "Backup-HDD connected." | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\hddTest.txt"
    #"$currentDate : Backup success." | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\outlookBackup.txt" -Append

    #path where the .pst file is located                                             
    $sourcePath = "C:\Users\$user\Documents\Outlook\"

    #location where the .pst-file should be backed up
    $backupPath = "$driveLetter\Outlook-Backup\$user"

    #location for old .pst-file
    $oldFilesPath = "$driveLetter\Outlook-Backup\Old-Files\$user"

    #date 7 days ago
    $deleteDate = $currentDate.AddDays(-7)

    #Creates the Outlook-Backup and Old-Files-Path if they don´t exist
    createIfDontExist($backupPath)
    createIfDontExist($oldFilesPath)

    #gets non directory files from Outlook-Backup
    $filesInBackupPath = Get-ChildItem $backupPath

    #Checks if files in Backup-Path are there longer than seven days since the last backup.
    #Files older than seven days will be moved to the Old-Files-Path and replace their older copies
    $filesInBackupPath | foreach {
        if($_.CreationTime -lt $deleteDate)
        {
            if(Test-Path -Path "$oldFilesPath\$_" -PathType Leaf){
                Remove-Item -Path $oldFilesPath\$_ -Force
            }
            Move-Item $_.FullName $oldFilesPath -Force
        }

    }

    #gets non directory files from Source
    $filesInSourcePath = Get-ChildItem $sourcePath

    #Checks if Backup-Path contains same files like Source-Path and copies them possibly from Source-Path to Backup-Path
    $filesInSourcePath | foreach {
        if(-not (Test-Path -Path "$backupPath\$_" -PathType Leaf))
        {
            Copy-Item $_.FullName "$backupPath"
        }

    }
}

版本2

function createIfDontExist ($directory) 
{
    if (-not (Test-Path -Path "$directory" -PathType Container)) {
        New-Item -Path "$directory" -ItemType directory;
    }
}

#Checks if there are files in the Backup-Path which are 7 days old and deletes identically named files in the Old-Files-Path.
function removeOldFiles($folders)
{
    $backupidx = 0;
    $oldfilesidx = 1;
    $backupfolder = $folders[$backupidx];
    $oldfilesfolder = $folders[$oldfilesidx];
    ForEach ($backupFile in (Get-ChildItem -Path $backupfolder)) {
        if($backupFile.CreationTime -lt $deleteDate)
        {
            if(Test-Path -Path "$oldfilesfolder\$($backupFile.Name)" -PathType Leaf ){
                $file = Get-ChildItem -Path "$oldfilesfolder\$($backupFile.Name)";
                $file.Delete();
            }
        }
    }
    return;
}

#Checks if there are files in the Backup-Path which are 7 days old and moves them into the Old-Files-Path.
function moveBackupFilesToOldPath($folders)
{
    $backupidx = 0;
    $oldfilesidx = 1;
    $backupfolder = $folders[$backupidx];
    $oldfilesfolder = $folders[$oldfilesidx];
    ForEach ($backupFile in (Get-ChildItem -Path $backupfolder)) {
        if($backupFile.CreationTime -lt $deleteDate)
        {
            $backupFile.MoveTo("$oldfilesfolder\$($backupFile.Name)");
        }
    }
    return;
}

#Checks if Backup-Path contains same files like Source-Path and copies them possibly from Source-Path to Backup-Path.
function syncFolder($folders)
{
    $sourceidx = 0;
    $destinationidx = 1;
    $sourcefolder = $folders[$sourceidx];
    $destinationfolder = $folders[$destinationidx];
    ForEach ($sourceFile in (Get-ChildItem -Path $sourcefolder)) {
        if(-not (Test-Path -Path "$destinationfolder\$($sourceFile.Name)" -PathType Leaf))
        {
            $sourceFile.CopyTo("$destinationFolder\$($sourceFile.Name)");
        }
    }
    return;
}

#current user
$user="$env:username"

#Driveletter of the backup drive
$driveLetter="D:"

#date from today
$currentDate = Get-Date 

################################################################################################################
#if no HDD detected, error message appears                                         
$backupDrive = Test-Path "$driveLetter\"
if($backupDrive -eq $false) {
    "Backup-HDD not connected!" | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\festplattenTest.txt"
    #"$currentDate : Backup failed!" | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\outlookBackup.txt" -Append
    exit
}
else {
    "Backup-HDD connected." | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\hddTest.txt"
    #"$currentDate : Backup success." | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\outlookBackup.txt" -Append

    #path where the .pst file is located                                             
    $sourcePath = "C:\Users\$user\Documents\Outlook-Dateien";

    #location where the .pst-file should be backed up
    $backupPath = "$driveLetter\Outlook-Backup\$user";

    #location for old .pst-file
    $oldFilesPath = "$driveLetter\Outlook-Backup\Old-Files\$user";

    #date 7 days ago
    $deleteDate = $currentDate.AddDays(-7);

    #Creates the Outlook-Backup and Old-Files-Path if they don´t exist
    createIfDontExist($backupPath);
    createIfDontExist($oldFilesPath);

    removeOldFiles($backupPath, $oldFilesPath);
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 60;
    moveBackupFilesToOldPath($backupPath, $oldFilesPath);
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 60;
    syncFolder($sourcePath, $backupPath);
    return;
}

Answer 1

您是說實際上是逐步在ISE中調試程序，還是僅在ISE中運行腳本。 如果是后者，則您嘗試訪問的目錄可能存在權限問題。 在ISE中運行腳本會使用您的用戶憑據運行它。

Answer 2

即使在調試中，這也可能如何工作？ 您的Test-Path命令應永遠不會返回true，因為

"$oldFilesPath\$_" 

是相同的

D:\Outlook-Backup\Old-Files\$user\D:\Outlook-Backup\$user\<filename>

您需要將其更改為

"$oldFilesPath\$($_.Name)"

為此工作。 腳本結尾附近的"$backupPath\\$_" 。

Answer 3

我遇到了類似的問題，其中Powershell腳本可以在Debugger中運行，或者通過在控制台上鍵入每個命令，但不能在正常運行（ISE）或調用腳本時運行。

我意識到我使用的是沒有時間在正常運行中執行的加速方法（太快了）。 為了進行測試，我在這里和那里引入了一些超時 ，並且代碼按預期運行。

然后，只需確定異步方法並等待它完成就可以繼續。