通過中間模型具有許多內容的Django表單集

Question

我想將數據保存到中間模型並在模型中進行一些計算（通過覆蓋模型保存）。 我遇到的問題是表單集無法保存到中間模型。

僅當存在M2M關系時才創建中介模型（我想這是可以理解的）。

我有4個這樣的模型：

Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(..)

Tax(models.Model):
   name = models.CharField(..)
   rate = models.DecimalField(..)

CategoryItem(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    taxes = models.ManyToManyField(Tax, through='CategoryItemTax', through_fields=('item', 'tax'))
    quantity = models.DecimalField(..)
    price = models.DecimalField(..)

# intermediary model below
CategoryItemTax(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    tax = models.ForeignKey(Tax)
    item = models.ForeignKey(CategoryItem)
    rate = models.DecimalField(..) #derived from tax object in the model
    total_tax = models.DecimalField(..) #calculated in model save

我有一個帶有CategoryItem表單集的Category模型表單。 我的views.py如下：

class FormsetMixin(object):
    object = None

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        if getattr(self, 'is_update_view', False):
            self.object = self.get_object()
        form_class = self.get_form_class()
        form = self.get_form(form_class)
        formset_class = self.get_formset_class()
        formset = self.get_formset(formset_class)
        if form.is_valid() and formset.is_valid():
            return self.form_valid(form, formset)
        else:
            return self.form_invalid(form, formset)

    # THE SAVE METHOD
    def form_valid(self, form, formset):
        self.object = form.save()
        formset.instance = self.object
        instances = formset.save(commit=False)
        for i in instances:
            CategoryItemTax.objects.create(category=self.object, item=i, tax=i)
            CategoryItemTax.save()

class CategoryCreateView(FormsetMixin, CreateView):
    template_name='..'
    model = Category
    form_class = CategoryForm
    formset_class = CategoryItemFormSet

Forms.py如下

class CategoryForm(forms.ModelForm):

    class Meta:
        model = Category

class CategoryItemForm(forms.ModelForm)
    class Meta:
        model = CategoryItem

CategoryItemFormSet = inlineformset_factory(Category, CategoryItem, form=CategoryItemForm, extra=1)

不幸的是，我得到以下錯誤：

Cannot set values on a ManyToManyField which specifies an intermediary model.
Use category.CategoryItemTax's Manager instead

Answer 1

像這樣編輯視圖

def form_valid(self, form, formset):
    self.object = form.save()
    formset.instance = self.object
    instances = formset.save(commit=False) 
    for each in instances:
        each.category = self.object
        each.save()
        item = CategoryItemTax.objects.create(category=self.object, item=each)
        item.save()

必須先保存多對多相關對象，才能與另一個實例關聯。