在 Android 運行時請求位置權限

Question

我有一個非常簡單的應用程序，它從 Google 的融合位置提供程序 API 獲取位置數據並顯示它。 現在，對於 Android M+，我想在運行時請求位置權限。 下面是我的 MainActivity.java 文件中的一些相關代碼：

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    if(checkAndRequestPermissions()) {
        // carry on the normal flow, as the case of  permissions  granted.
        mLatitudeTextView = (TextView) findViewById((R.id.latitude_textview));
        mLongitudeTextView = (TextView) findViewById((R.id.longitude_textview));

        mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .build();

        mLocationManager = (LocationManager)this.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);

        checkLocation(); //check whether location service is enable or not in your  phone
    }
}

private  boolean checkAndRequestPermissions() {
    int permissionLocation = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);


    List<String> listPermissionsNeeded = new ArrayList<>();

    if (permissionLocation != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        listPermissionsNeeded.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
    }
    if (!listPermissionsNeeded.isEmpty()) {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, listPermissionsNeeded.toArray(new String[listPermissionsNeeded.size()]), REQUEST_ID_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                       String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
    Log.d(TAG, "Permission callback called-------");
    switch (requestCode) {
        case REQUEST_ID_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS: {

            Map<String, Integer> perms = new HashMap<>();
            // Initialize the map with both permissions
            perms.put(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
            // Fill with actual results from user
            if (grantResults.length > 0) {
                for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++)
                    perms.put(permissions[i], grantResults[i]);
                // Check for both permissions
                if (perms.get(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "sms & location services permission granted");
                    // process the normal flow
                    mLatitudeTextView = (TextView) findViewById((R.id.latitude_textview));
                    mLongitudeTextView = (TextView) findViewById((R.id.longitude_textview));

                    mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                            .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                            .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                            .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                            .build();

                    mLocationManager = (LocationManager)this.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);

                    checkLocation(); //check whether location service is enable or not in your  phone
                    //else any one or both the permissions are not granted
                } else {
                    Log.d(TAG, "Some permissions are not granted ask again ");
                    //permission is denied (this is the first time, when "never ask again" is not checked) so ask again explaining the usage of permission
                    // shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale will return true
                    //show the dialog or snackbar saying its necessary and try again otherwise proceed with setup.
                    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)) {
                        showDialogOK("Service Permissions are required for this app",
                                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                        switch (which) {
                                            case DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE:
                                                checkAndRequestPermissions();
                                                break;
                                            case DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE:
                                                // proceed with logic by disabling the related features or quit the app.
                                                System.exit(1);
                                                break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                });
                    }
                    //permission is denied (and never ask again is  checked)
                    //shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale will return false
                    else {
                        explain("You need to give some mandatory permissions to continue. Do you want to go to app settings?");
                        //                            //proceed with logic by disabling the related features or quit the app.
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

private void showDialogOK(String message, DialogInterface.OnClickListener okListener) {
    new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
            .setMessage(message)
            .setPositiveButton("OK", okListener)
            .setNegativeButton("Cancel", okListener)
            .create()
            .show();
}
private void explain(String msg){
    final android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog.Builder(this);
    dialog.setMessage(msg)
            .setPositiveButton("Yes", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface paramDialogInterface, int paramInt) {
                    //  permissionsclass.requestPermission(type,code);
                    startActivity(new Intent(android.provider.Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS, Uri.parse("package:com.myapp.myapplication")));
                }
            })
            .setNegativeButton("Cancel", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface paramDialogInterface, int paramInt) {
                    System.exit(1);
                }
            });
    dialog.show();
}

@Override
public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // TODO: Consider calling
        //    ActivityCompat#requestPermissions
        // here to request the missing permissions, and then overriding
        //   public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
        //                                          int[] grantResults)
        // to handle the case where the user grants the permission. See the documentation
        // for ActivityCompat#requestPermissions for more details.
        return;
    }

    startLocationUpdates();

    mLocation = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.getLastLocation(mGoogleApiClient);

    if(mLocation == null){
        startLocationUpdates();
    }
    if (mLocation != null) {

        // mLatitudeTextView.setText(String.valueOf(mLocation.getLatitude()));
        //mLongitudeTextView.setText(String.valueOf(mLocation.getLongitude()));
    } else {
        Toast.makeText(this, "Location not Detected", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}
protected void startLocationUpdates() {
    // Create the location request
    mLocationRequest = LocationRequest.create()
            .setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY)
            .setInterval(UPDATE_INTERVAL)
            .setFastestInterval(FASTEST_INTERVAL);
    // Request location updates
    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // TODO: Consider calling
        //    ActivityCompat#requestPermissions
        // here to request the missing permissions, and then overriding
        //   public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
        //                                          int[] grantResults)
        // to handle the case where the user grants the permission. See the documentation
        // for ActivityCompat#requestPermissions for more details.
        return;
    }
    LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient,
            mLocationRequest, this);
    Log.d("reque", "--->>>>");
}
private boolean checkLocation() {
    if(!isLocationEnabled())
        showAlert();
    return isLocationEnabled();
}

private void showAlert() {
    final AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
    dialog.setTitle("Enable Location")
            .setMessage("Your Locations Settings is set to 'Off'.\nPlease Enable Location to " +
                    "use this app")
            .setPositiveButton("Location Settings", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface paramDialogInterface, int paramInt) {

                    Intent myIntent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
                    startActivity(myIntent);
                }
            })
            .setNegativeButton("Cancel", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface paramDialogInterface, int paramInt) {

                }
            });
    dialog.show();
}

private boolean isLocationEnabled() {
    locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
    return locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER) ||
            locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
}

到目前為止，上面的代碼有兩個問題。 首先，如果用戶確實授予了位置權限，則什么也不會發生。 不顯示位置數據。 只有當我重新啟動應用程序時，我才能看到位置數據。

其次，如果用戶選中“不再詢問”並且我的解釋（）函數在顯示應用程序設置后立即運行，我會收到消息“抱歉，我的應用程序已停止”、“確定”、“取消”。 無論我按哪個按鈕，我都會保留應用程序的設置，如果我更改設置並按后退按鈕，它也會關閉。

Answer 1

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(),
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(),
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                //Permission not Granted...
                requestPermissions(
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION},
                        Constant.RequestPermissions.LOCATIONS);

            } else {

                //Permission has been already Granted...

            }

並添加此偵聽器以偵聽用戶對該權限請求的操作 -

@Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String permissions[],
                                           @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case Constant.RequestPermissions.LOCATIONS:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                        && grantResults[1] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                    // User Allows Permission access


                } 
                else 
                {

                    // User denies Permission access

                }
    }

Answer 2

那么您必須在兩種情況下啟動服務：-

1) 當用戶授予位置訪問權限時。

2)當用戶再次啟動應用程序后已經授予權限時。

所以你必須同時處理這兩種方式

試試這個。

public static final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION = 99;

public boolean checkLocationPermission() {
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
            Manifest.permission. ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

        // Should we show an explanation?
        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
                Manifest.permission. ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)) {

            // Show an explanation to the user *asynchronously* -- don't block
            // this thread waiting for the user's response! After the user
            // sees the explanation, try again to request the permission.
            new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                    .setTitle(R.string.title_location_permission)
                    .setMessage(R.string.text_location_permission)
                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            //Prompt the user once explanation has been shown
                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,
                                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION);
                        }
                    })
                    .create()
                    .show();


        } else {
            // No explanation needed, we can request the permission.
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                    new String[]{Manifest.permission. ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION);
        }
        return false;
    } else {
        return true;
    }
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                       String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION: {
            // If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
            if (grantResults.length > 0
                    && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                // permission was granted, yay! Do the
                // location-related task you need to do.
                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                        Manifest.permission. ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                        == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {


                    // do your stuff here
                }

            } else {

                // permission denied, boo! Disable the
                // functionality that depends on this permission.

            }
            return;
        }

    }
}

在OnResume()做到這一點

@Override
protected void onResume() {
    super.onResume();

    if (checkLocationPermission()) {
       if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
           Manifest.permission. ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
           == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                  // do your stuff here

       }
    }

}