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Angular-從Promise同步獲取

[英]Angular - get synchronously from Promise

我想打印產品的歷史記錄。 我在ActivatedRoute.params中有一個產品ID。 在ngOnInit方法中,我必須獲取產品的所有歷史記錄並分配給變量。 然后,我想將產品映射到productHistory,因為我想要具有歷史記錄的最新版本。 但是問題在於獲取歷史記錄。 獲取歷史記錄的方法返回Promise,當我使用此屬性且未定義時,我無法獲得productHistory的長度。 從服務加載后如何獲得此屬性?

我想在執行getHistory()之后執行方法。

我的代碼:

ProductService.ts:

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Headers, Http } from '@angular/http';

import 'rxjs/add/operator/toPromise';

// rest imports

@Injectable()
export class ProductService {

    // URL to web api
    private projectsUrl = 'http://localhost:8080/products';

    private headers = new Headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'});

    constructor(private http: Http) {}

    getHistory(id: number): Promise<ProductHistory[]> {
        const url = `${this.projectsUrl}/projectId/${id}`;
        return this.http.get(url)
            .toPromise()
            .then(response => response.json() as ProductHistory[])
            .catch(this.handleError);
    }

    handleError() {
        //...
        // implementation is irrelevant
    }
}

ProductHistoryComponent.ts:

import { Component, Input, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { ActivatedRoute, Params } from '@angular/router';
import { Location } from '@angular/common';

import { ProductService } from './product.service';

import { ProductHistory } from './product-history';
import { Product } from './model/product';

import 'rxjs/add/operator/switchMap';

@Component({
    selector: 'product-history',
    templateUrl: './product-history.component.html',
    styleUrls: [ './product-history.component.css' ]
})
export class ProductHistoryComponent implements OnInit {

    auditProducts: ProductHistory[] = new Array<ProductHistory[]>();    
    selectedProduct: ProductHistory;

    constructor(
        private route: ActivatedRoute,
        private location: Location,
        private productService: ProductService
    ) {}

    ngOnInit(): void {
        let id: number = this.route.snapshot.params['id'];

        this.productService.getHistory(id)
            .then(history => this.historyProducts = history);

        this.productService.getProduct(id)
            .then(product => {
                let lastVersion: ProductHistory = this.createLastVersion(product);
                this.auditProducts.push(lastVersion);
            });
    }

    onSelect(ProductHistory: ProductHistory): void {
        this.selectedProduct = ProductHistory;
        this.compare(this.selectedProduct);
    }

    goBack(): void {
        this.location.back();
    }

    compare(history: ProductHistory): void {
        let previous: ProductHistory;
        if (history.changeNumber != null && history.changeNumber > 1) {
            previous = this.historyProducts[history.changeNumber - 2];
            if (typeof previous != 'undefined') {
                this.setPreviousDiffsFalse(previous);
                if (previous.name !== history.name) {
                    history.nameDiff = true;
                }
                if (previous.price !== history.price) {
                    history.priceDiff = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    createLastVersion(product: Product): ProductHistory {
        let lastVersionProduct: ProductHistory = new ProductHistory();
        lastVersionProduct.id = this.historyProducts.length + 1;
        lastVersionProduct.name = product.name;
        lastVersionProduct.price = product.price;
        lastVersionProduct.changeNumber = this.historyProducts[this.historyProducts.length - 1].changeNumber + 1;
        return lastVersionProduct;
    }

    setPreviousDiffsFalse(previous: ProductHistory): void {
        previous.nameDiff = false;
        previous.priceDiff = false;
    }

}

我建議使用observables代替promise ...但是要回答您的問題,您只需要收到第一個請求執行第二個請求即可。 像這樣:

ngOnInit(): void {
    let id: number = this.route.snapshot.params['id'];

    this.productService.getHistory(id)
        .then(history => {
               this.historyProducts = history);

               this.productService.getProduct(id)
                     .then(product => {
                         let lastVersion: ProductHistory = this.createLastVersion(product);
                         this.auditProducts.push(lastVersion);
        });
     }
}

我剛搬到 ,則第一個請求的第二請求。 注意:我沒有語法檢查此。

您不能同步運行它,您必須等待每個promise返回一個結果,然后才能對該結果執行某些操作。 通常的方法是在使用promise時將代碼嵌套在then塊中。 另外,您也可以將async/await與最新版本的Typescript一起使用,並且只需要更改component代碼,因為您已經從服務中返回Promise類型。 盡管發出的javascript代碼仍將使用函數/回調嵌套,這使代碼更易於閱讀(IMO)( 除非我相信您以es7為目標,否則也許有人會對此進行糾正或確認 )。

// note the use of async and await which gives the appearance of synchronous execution
async ngOnInit() {
    let id: number = this.route.snapshot.params['id'];

    const history = await this.productService.getHistory(id);
    this.historyProducts = history;

    const product = await this.productService.getProduct(id);
    let lastVersion: ProductHistory = this.createLastVersion(product);
    this.auditProducts.push(lastVersion);
}

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