Scrapy，privoxy 和 Tor：SocketError：[Errno 61] 連接被拒絕

Question

我將 Scrapy 與 Privoxy 和 Tor 一起使用。 這是我之前關於Privoxy 和 Tor 的問題 Scrapy：如何更新 IP ，這里是蜘蛛：

from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider
from scrapy.selector import Selector
from scrapy.http import Request

class YourCrawler(CrawlSpider):
    name = "****"
    start_urls = [
    'https://****.com/listviews/titles.php',
    ]
    allowed_domains = ["****.com"]

    def parse(self, response):
        # go to the urls in the list
        s = Selector(response)
        page_list_urls = s.xpath('///*[@id="tab7"]/article/header/h2/a/@href').extract()
        for url in page_list_urls:
            yield Request(response.urljoin(url), callback=self.parse_following_urls, dont_filter=True)

        # Return back and go to bext page in div#paginat ul li.next a::attr(href) and begin again
        next_page = response.css('ul.pagin li.presente ~ li a::attr(href)').extract_first()
        if next_page is not None:
            next_page = response.urljoin(next_page)
            yield Request(next_page, callback=self.parse)

    # For the urls in the list, go inside, and in div#main, take the div.ficha > div.caracteristicas > ul > li
    def parse_following_urls(self, response):
        #Parsing rules go here
        for each_book in response.css('main#main'):
            yield {
                'editor': each_book.css('header.datos1 > ul > li > h5 > a::text').extract(),
            }

在 settings.py 我有一個用戶代理旋轉和 privoxy：

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
        #user agent
        'scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware' : None,
        '****.comm.rotate_useragent.RotateUserAgentMiddleware' :400,
        #privoxy
        'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 110,
        '****.middlewares.ProxyMiddleware': 100
    }

在 middlewares.py 我補充說：

from stem import Signal
from stem.control import Controller

def _set_new_ip():
    with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:
        controller.authenticate(password='tor_password')
        controller.signal(Signal.NEWNYM)

class ProxyMiddleware(object):
    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        _set_new_ip()
        request.meta['proxy'] = 'http://127.0.0.1:8118'
        spider.log('Proxy : %s' % request.meta['proxy'])

如果我取出 middlewares.py 中 class 的def _set_new_ip():方法（以及在class ProxyMiddleware(object):蜘蛛會工作。但我希望蜘蛛每次都調用一個新的 IP，並且這就是我添加它的原因。問題是每次我嘗試運行蜘蛛時，它都會返回錯誤SocketError: [Errno 61] Connection refused ，並帶有此回溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 1386, in _inlineCallbacks
    result = g.send(result)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/core/downloader/middleware.py", line 37, in process_request
    response = yield method(request=request, spider=spider)
  File "/Users/nikita/scrapy/***/***/middlewares.py", line 71, in process_request
    _set_new_ip()
  File "/Users/nikita/scrapy/***/***/middlewares.py", line 65, in _set_new_ip
    with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/stem/control.py", line 998, in from_port
    control_port = stem.socket.ControlPort(address, port)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/stem/socket.py", line 372, in __init__
    self.connect()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/stem/socket.py", line 243, in connect
    self._socket = self._make_socket()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/stem/socket.py", line 401, in _make_socket
    raise stem.SocketError(exc)
SocketError: [Errno 61] Connection refused
2017-07-11 15:50:28 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)

也許問題出在with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:中使用的端口，但我不確定。 如果有人有一個很棒的想法......

編輯 - -

好的，如果我 go 到瀏覽器和 go 到http://127.0.0.1:8118/ ，它說：

503 
This is Privoxy 3.0.26 on localhost (127.0.0.1), port 8118, enabled
Forwarding failure
Privoxy was unable to socks5-forward your request http://127.0.0.1:8118/ through localhost: SOCKS5 request failed

Just try again to see if this is a temporary problem, or check your forwarding settings and make sure that all forwarding servers are working correctly and listening where they are supposed to be listening.

所以也許它與 SOCKS5 的配置有關......有人知道嗎？

Answer 1

我的猜測是：

1. Tor沒有運行 。 要確定Tor是否正在運行，請運行ps （例如， ps -ax | grep tor ）和netstat （例如，對於mac： netstat -an | grep 'your tor portnumber' 。對於linux，替換-an with -tulnp ）終端看Tor是否真的在運行。
2. 你沒有設置forwwarding設置corectly 。 根據503錯誤消息，看起來您沒有正確設置轉發規則（如果Tor正在運行）。 在Privoxy的配置文件中，確保forward-socks5t / 127.0.0.1:9050 . 沒有注釋。

Answer 2

class ProxyMiddleware(object):
    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        def _set_new_ip():
            with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:
                controller.authenticate(password='PASSWORDHERE')
                controller.signal(Signal.NEWNYM)
        request.meta['proxy'] = 'http://127.0.0.1:8118'
        spider.log('Proxy : %s' % request.meta['proxy'])