使用Java配置Spring RESTFUL API Webapp

Question

我在嘗試使用Spring Framework和Spring Security + Jersey設置RESTFUL API遇到了一些麻煩。

我可以部署Jersey休息api並成功請求資源，但是當我還實現Spring（框架+ Spring安全性）時，事情就變得一發不可收拾。

我以前使用過舊的Spring版本，其中使用XML文件進行配置，但是我想玩和學習如何僅使用Java注釋進行配置。 我遇到了麻煩，因為我無法通過applicationContext.xml 。 我只是不想放置XML文件，而只想用Java注釋配置我的小型REST API XML應用Java 。

當我將Spring Security配置行添加到我的web.xml並嘗試請求任何資源時，出現此錯誤：

No WebApplicationContext found: no ContextLoaderListener or DispatcherServlet registered?

因此，我也將此代碼段添加到了我的web.xml ：

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

然后，我為Spring創建了一個新的配置類，一個簡單的類：

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({
    "com.myapp.rest.api", 
    "com.myapp.business.services"
})
public class SpringApplicationConfig {

}

我再次重新啟動了Tomcat並嘗試請求任何資源，然后它開始抱怨找不到我沒有提供的applicationContext.xml文件，但是我不知道為什么如果有的話它仍在嘗試查找它另一個帶有@Configuration批注的類。 如何不使用applicationContext.xml來配置Spring ？

注意：我知道Spring MVC和Spring Boot ，但是我目前正在和Jersey一起玩，並且使用Spring Framework進行依賴項注入，顯然還使用Spring Security進行身份驗證和安全性工作。

在我的web.xml下面：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- This web.xml file is not required when using Servlet 3.0 container, 
    see implementation details http://jersey.java.net/nonav/documentation/latest/jax-rs.html -->
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    version="2.5">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>Jersey Web Application</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>jersey.config.server.provider.packages</param-name>
            <param-value>com.myapp.rest.api</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>Jersey Web Application</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- SPRING SECURITY -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

還有我的pom.xml ：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.myapp</groupId>
    <artifactId>api</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>api</name>

    <build>
        <finalName>my api</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.1</version>
                <inherited>true</inherited>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey</groupId>
                <artifactId>jersey-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${jersey.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- JERSEY (2) -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-container-servlet-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Soporte JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-media-moxy</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    <!-- SPRING + SPRING SECURITY -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-security.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-security.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JACKSON - JSON -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--  LOG4J2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--  JWT TOKEN -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.nimbusds</groupId>
            <artifactId>nimbus-jose-jwt</artifactId>
            <version>${jose.jwt.version}</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>


    <properties>
        <jose.jwt.version>4.39.2</jose.jwt.version>
        <spring-security.version>4.2.3.RELEASE</spring-security.version>
        <spring.version>4.3.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <log4j.version>2.8.2</log4j.version>
        <jersey.version>2.9.1</jersey.version>
        <jackson.version>2.8.9</jackson.version>
        <servlet-api.version>3.1.0</servlet-api.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
</project>

Answer 1

您缺少了web.xml中的一些要點

 // For java config, you don't want to use .xml 
  // you have to include AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
        <param-value>
org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
      </param-value>
    </context-param>

    // Location of your Configuration class
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>my.package.AppConfig</param-value>
    </context-param>

    // To load context
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    // Spring Servlet
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringApplication</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer</servlet-class>
   // Your controllers
        <init-param>
            <param-name>jersey.config.server.provider.classnames</param-name>
            <param-value>my.package.controllers.HomeController</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    // Servlet url mapping
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringApplication</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

添加控制器類

@Component
@Path("/home")
public class HomeController {

更新：據說問題作者只對Spring DI感興趣，不涉及Spring MVC，下面是簡單的配置引導WebApplicationInitializer，以編程方式配置ServletContext，而沒有web.xml。 注意，這將需要Servlet 3.0+容器。

public class ApplicationInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext)  throws ServletException {

        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context 
          = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();

        servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(context));
        servletContext.setInitParameter(
          "contextConfigLocation", "com.package.my");
    }
}