如何在Linux Mint中為Windows編譯C GTK3 +程序？

Question

我正在使用Linux Mint，gcc-7和mingw-w64。我想在Linux中使用mingw編譯ac gtk3 +程序，以便生成可以在Windows中運行的.exe文件。我能夠使用mingw編譯普通的c程序，但是我無法編譯gtk程序。我可以使用gcc而不是mingw來編譯gtk程序。

我已經按照這里的指示安裝了mingw：- 如何在帶有Linux子系統的GCC上為Windows編譯可執行文件？

現在，我想編譯從https://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/stable/gtk-getting-started.html#id-1.2.3.5獲得的窗口程序

 smit@smit-Aspire-5742:~/programs/c programs/test$ x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc test.c `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 --libs`
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libgtk-3.dll.a when searching for -lgtk-3
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libgtk-3.dll.a when searching for -lgtk-3
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lgtk-3
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/li /libgdk-3.dll.a when searching for -lgdk-3
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libgdk-3.dll.a when searching for -lgdk-3
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lgdk-3
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libpangocairo-1.0.dll.a when searching for -lpangocairo-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangocairo-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangocairo-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libpangocairo-1.0.dll.a when searching for -lpangocairo-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangocairo-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangocairo-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangocairo-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangocairo-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lpangocairo-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libpangoft2-1.0.dll.a when searching for -lpangoft2-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangoft2-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangoft2-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libpangoft2-1.0.dll.a when searching for -lpangoft2-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangoft2-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangoft2-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangoft2-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangoft2-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lpangoft2-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libfreetype.dll.a when searching for -lfreetype
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libfreetype.dll.a when searching for -lfreetype
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lfreetype
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libfontconfig.dll.a when searching for -lfontconfig
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/fontconfig.lib when searching for -lfontconfig
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libfontconfig.dll.a when searching for -lfontconfig
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/fontconfig.lib when searching for -lfontconfig
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/fontconfig.lib when searching for -lfontconfig
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lfontconfig
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libpangowin32-1.0.dll.a when searching for -lpangowin32-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangowin32-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangowin32-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libpangowin32-1.0.dll.a when searching for -lpangowin32-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangowin32-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangowin32-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pangowin32-1.0.lib when searching for -lpangowin32-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lpangowin32-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libpango-1.0.dll.a when searching for -lpango-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pango-1.0.lib when searching for -lpango-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libpango-1.0.dll.a when searching for -lpango-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pango-1.0.lib when searching for -lpango-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/pango-1.0.lib when searching for -lpango-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lpango-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libatk-1.0.dll.a when searching for -latk-1.0
 /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/atk-1.0.lib when searching for -latk-1.0
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libatk-1.0.dll.a when searching for -latk-1.0
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/atk-1.0.lib when searching for -latk-1.0
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/atk-1.0.lib when searching for -latk-1.0
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -latk-1.0
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libcairo-gobject.dll.a when searching for -lcairo-gobject
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libcairo-gobject.dll.a when searching for -lcairo-gobject
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: cannot find -lcairo-gobject
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libcairo.dll.a when searching for -lcairo
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/cairo.lib when searching for -lcairo
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib/libcairo.dll.a when searching for -lcairo
  /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: skipping incompatible /opt/gtk3-dos/lib

等等.......（我要粘貼最后一行，因為此輸出要大得多）

 collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

我已經看過本教程了：-http://www.tarnyko.net/en/?q=node/ 45

現在再次使用此 tutorail，但是這次我下載了gtk+-bundle_3.6.4-20131201_win64.zip ，現在得到的輸出是：-

 smit@smit-Aspire-5742:~/programs/c programs/test$ x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc test.c `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 --libs`
 In file included from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include/glibconfig.h:9:0,
             from /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gtypes.h:32,
             from /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/galloca.h:32,
             from /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib.h:30,
             from /usr/include/gtk-3.0/gdk/gdkconfig.h:13,
             from /usr/include/gtk-3.0/gdk/gdk.h:30,
             from /usr/include/gtk-3.0/gtk/gtk.h:30,
             from test.c:1:
  /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gtypes.h: In function ‘_GLIB_CHECKED_ADD_U64’:
  /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gmacros.h:232:53: error: size of array ‘_GStaticAssertCompileTimeAssertion_0’ is negative
   #define G_STATIC_ASSERT(expr) typedef char G_PASTE (_GStaticAssertCompileTimeAssertion_, __COUNTER__)[(expr) ? 1 : -1] G_GNUC_UNUSED
                                                 ^
   /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gmacros.h:229:47: note: in definition of macro ‘G_PASTE_ARGS’
   #define G_PASTE_ARGS(identifier1,identifier2) identifier1 ## identifier2
                                           ^
    /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gmacros.h:232:44: note: in expansion of macro ‘G_PASTE’
    #define G_STATIC_ASSERT(expr) typedef char G_PASTE (_GStaticAssertCompileTimeAssertion_, __COUNTER__)[(expr) ? 1 : -1] G_GNUC_UNUSED
                                        ^
    /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gtypes.h:422:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘G_STATIC_ASSERT’
    G_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof (unsigned long long) == sizeof (guint64));
       ^
    In file included from /usr/include/glib-2.0/gio/gio.h:46:0,
             from /usr/include/gtk-3.0/gdk/gdkapplaunchcontext.h:28,
             from /usr/include/gtk-3.0/gdk/gdk.h:32,
             from /usr/include/gtk-3.0/gtk/gtk.h:30,
             from test.c:1:
    /usr/include/glib-2.0/gio/gcredentials.h: At top level:
    /usr/include/glib-2.0/gio/gcredentials.h:75:1: error: unknown type name ‘uid_t’
    uid_t            g_credentials_get_unix_user      (GCredentials    *credentials,
     ^
    /usr/include/glib-2.0/gio/gcredentials.h:79:52: error: unknown type name ‘uid_t’
                                                uid_t           uid,
                                                ^

Answer 1

我已經通過了本教程5或者更多次，我發現了什么是wrong.I從錯誤的目錄，嚴格的命令和下載的版本錯誤GTK+ 3 Windows binaries 。

我的mingw版本是mingw64，因此我需要下載win64版本。

並且我正在從/ opt / gtk3- export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/gtk3-win64/lib/pkgconfig執行命令export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/gtk3-win64/lib/pkgconfig ，但是我需要通過test.c文件所在的目錄執行此命令。

我將使本教程對將來的讀者更容易。

• 通過命令安裝mingw cross-compiler

   sudo apt-get install mingw-w64 

• 然后下載GTK+ 3 Windows binaries從這里（鏈接在本教程是老了，這里是最新的鏈接）： - http://win32builder.gnome.org/下載相應的版本，因為我是錯的下載version.don't犯同樣的錯誤作為我的。

• 通過命令將zip文件解壓縮到/opt/gtkwin （推薦）

    sudo mkdir /opt/gtkwin && sudo unzip <name of the zip file> -d /opt/gtkwin 

• 然后轉到您解壓縮了zip文件的目錄。在這種情況下，我已將解壓縮到/ opt / gtkwin /中，如cd /opt/gtkwin並執行以下命令

   find -name '*.pc' | while read pc; do sed -e "s@^prefix=.*@prefix=$PWD@" -i "$pc"; done 

• 現在轉到您要編譯的.c文件所在的目錄並執行此命令

   export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/gtkwin/lib/pkgconfig 

• 現在通過編譯程序

   x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc test.c `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 --libs` 

  （對於64位）

和32位

       i586-mingw32msvc-gcc test.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0`

另外，您應該訪問該教程，因為我從那里學到了這一點： -http : //www.tarnyko.net/en/?q=node/45

這將創建無法在UNIX中運行的.exe文件，因為它的目標是在DOS上運行