[英]Parse a xml file with multiple root element in python
我有一個xml文件,我需要從文件中獲取一些標簽以供某些使用,這些標簽的數據如下:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
<country name="Liechtenstein">
<rank>1</rank>
<year>2008</year>
<gdppc>141100</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
<neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
</country>
<country name="Singapore">
<rank>4</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>59900</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
</country>
<country name="Panama">
<rank>68</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>13600</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
<neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
</country>
</data>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
<country name="Liechtenstein1">
<rank>1</rank>
<year>2008</year>
<gdppc>141100</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Austria1" direction="E"/>
<neighbor name="Switzerland1" direction="W"/>
</country>
<country name="Singapore">
<rank>4</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>59900</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Malaysia1" direction="N"/>
</country>
<country name="Panama">
<rank>68</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>13600</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
<neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
</country>
</data>
我需要解析這個,所以我用了:
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse("myfile.xml")
root = tree.getroot()
此代碼在第2行給出錯誤: xml.etree.ElementTree.ParseError: junk after document element:
我認為這是因為多個xml標記,您有什么主意,該如何解析?
如果需要,此代碼將填充一種方法的詳細信息。
該代碼將監視'accumulated_xml,直到遇到另一個xml文檔的開頭或文件的結尾。 當它具有完整的xml文檔時,它將調用display
來執行lxml
庫以解析文檔並報告一些內容。
>>> from lxml import etree
>>> def display(alist):
... tree = etree.fromstring(''.join(alist))
... for country in tree.xpath('.//country'):
... print(country.attrib['name'], country.find('rank').text, country.find('year').text)
... print([neighbour.attrib['name'] for neighbour in country.xpath('neighbor')])
...
>>> accumulated_xml = []
>>> with open('temp.xml') as temp:
... while True:
... line = temp.readline()
... if line:
... if line.startswith('<?xml'):
... if accumulated_xml:
... display (accumulated_xml)
... accumulated_xml = []
... else:
... accumulated_xml.append(line.strip())
... else:
... display (accumulated_xml)
... break
...
Liechtenstein 1 2008
['Austria', 'Switzerland']
Singapore 4 2011
['Malaysia']
Panama 68 2011
['Costa Rica', 'Colombia']
Liechtenstein1 1 2008
['Austria1', 'Switzerland1']
Singapore 4 2011
['Malaysia1']
Panama 68 2011
['Costa Rica', 'Colombia']
我曾經使用一個簡單的技巧來解析此類偽XML( Wazuh規則文件以了解其重要性 )-只是將其暫時包裝在偽元素<whatever></whatever>
從而在所有這些“根”上形成一個根。
在您的情況下,不要像這樣使用無效的XML:
<data> ... </data>
<data> ... </data>
就在將其傳遞給解析器之前,將其臨時重寫為:
<whatever>
<data> ... </data>
<data> ... </data>
</whatever>
然后像往常一樣解析它並迭代<data>
元素。
import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree
import pathlib
file = Path('rules/0020-syslog_rules.xml')
data = b'<rules>' + file.read_bytes() + b'</rules>'
etree.fromstring(data)
etree.findall('group')
... array of Elements ...
問題 :...任何想法,我應該如何解析?
過濾整個文件,並分成有效的<?xml ...
塊。
創建myfile_01, myfile_02 ... myfile_nn
。
n = 0
out_fh = None
with open('myfile.xml') as in_fh:
while True:
line = in_fh.readline()
if not line: break
if line.startswith('<?xml'):
if out_fh:
out_fh.close()
n += 1
out_fh = open('myfile_{:02}'.format(n))
out_fh.write(line)
out_fh.close()
如果要將所有<country>
放在一個XML Tree
:
import re
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
with open('myfile.xml') as fh:
root = ET.fromstring('<?xml version="1.0"?><data>{}</data>'.
format(''.join(re.findall('<country.*?</country>', fh.read(), re.S)))
)
使用Python測試:3.4.2
聲明:本站的技術帖子網頁,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0協議,如果您需要轉載,請注明本站網址或者原文地址。任何問題請咨詢:yoyou2525@163.com.