從數組/ Javascript中刪除隨機元素

Question

我用谷歌搜索了問題，但沒有找到答案，在此先感謝您的幫助。 問題是，我有一些可以正常運行的代碼，但我想對其進行改進：

function go(times) {
    function pick(n) {
        return n[Math.floor(Math.random() * n.length)];
    }

    var body = ["face", "nose", "hair", "smile"];
    var adj = ["amazing", "nice", "beautiful", "perfect"];
    var word = ["great", "innocent", "glowing", "adorable"];

    var str = "Your " + pick(body) + " looks " + pick(adj) + " and " + pick(word) + "!";
    if (times > 0) {
        for (i = 0; i < times; i++) {
            str = str + " And " + go().toLowerCase();
        }
    }

    return str;
}

選擇隨機詞后，應將其從數組中刪除，這樣就不會重復。 如果我知道元素的確切索引，則可以使用splice函數來處理它，但是當它是隨機的時，我不希望它起作用。

Answer 1

您可以輕松地向所有數組添加函數以返回隨機值和/或隨機刪除一個值。

// After this, you can call.getRandomValue() on any array!
Array.prototype.getRandomValue = function(removeItem) {
    if (this.length < 1) throw "Cannot get random value from zero-length array";
    var randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * this.length);
    var randomValue = this[randomIndex];
    if (removeItem)
        this.splice(randomIndex, 1);
    return randomValue;
};

function constructDescription(sentenceCount) {
    var body = ["face", "nose", "hair", "smile"];
    var adj = ["amazing", "nice", "beautiful", "perfect"];
    var word = ["great", "innocent", "glowing", "adorable"];    

    var description = "";

    for(var i = 0; i < sentenceCount; i++) {
      if (body.length > 0 && adj.length > 0 && word.length > 0) {
        description += (description.length > 0) ? " And your " : "Your ";
        description += body.getRandomValue(true) + " looks " + adj.getRandomValue(true) + " and " + word.getRandomValue(true) + "!"         
      }    
    }

    return description;
}

在這里嘗試小提琴。

Answer 2

您只需要結合您的接頭和您的隨機發生器。 例：

function go(times) {

    var body = ["face", "nose", "hair", "smile"];
    var adj = ["amazing", "nice", "beautiful", "perfect"];
    var word = ["great", "innocent", "glowing", "adorable"];

    function pick(n) {
        return n.splice(Math.floor(Math.random() * n.length), 1);
    }

    var str = "";

    for (var i = 0; i < times; i++) {
        str += (i > 0 ? " And your ":"Your ") + pick(body) + " looks " + pick(adj) + " and " + pick(word) + "!";
    }

    return str;
}

Answer 3

使用其他函數，而不是在循環中遞歸調用go() 。 通過為每個短語調用go() ，您每次都會初始化原始數組。 然后在pick()進行拼接

 function go(times) { var body = ["face", "nose", "hair", "smile"]; var adj = ["amazing", "nice", "beautiful", "perfect"]; var word = ["great", "innocent", "glowing", "adorable"]; var str = '' function pick(n) { var idx = Math.floor(Math.random() * n.length); var str = n[idx]; n.splice(idx, 1) return str; } function getPhrase(i) { var phrase = pick(body) + " looks " + pick(adj) + " and " + pick(word) + "!"; return i == 0 ? "Your " + phrase : " And your " + phrase; } for (var i = 0; i < times; i++) { str += getPhrase(i); } return str; } document.body.innerHTML = go(4); 

Answer 4

@lucounu解決方案絕對正確。

如果您只是想改善最初的解決方案，則可以執行以下操作：

    var body = ["face", "nose", "hair", "smile"];
    var adj = ["amazing", "nice", "beautiful", "perfect"];
    var word = ["great", "innocent", "glowing", "adorable"];

    function go(times) {

    function pick(n) {
        var index =  Math.floor(Math.random() * n.length)
        var randomString  = n[index];
        n.splice(index,1);
        return randomString;
    }

    var str = "Your " + pick(body) + " looks " + pick(adj) + " and " + pick(word) + "!";

    if (times > 0) {
        for (i = 0; i < times; i++) {
            str = str + " And " + go().toLowerCase();
        }
    }

    return str;
}

console.log(go(2));

Answer 5

試試看

var data = ["brain", "mitochondria", "microsope", "beaker", "beaker-2", "scientist", "cell", "atom"];

    while (data.length) {
        document.write(data.splice(data.length * Math.random() | 0, 1)[0] + '<br>');
    }