Python使用標頭將CSV轉換為JSON

Question

我正在嘗試使用python從CSV創建JSON。 我遇到的這個問題是一種將標頭與數據分離的方法。 我當前的代碼是：

import csv
import json

with open('input.csv') as f:
    columns = ("Column 1", "Column 2")
    reader = csv.DictReader(f, columns)
    rows = list(reader)
with open('output.json', 'w') as f:
    json.dump(rows, f, indent=4)

但這又回來了

[
{
    "Column 2": null, 
    "Column 1": "Title"
}, 
{
    "Column 2": " data2", 
    "Column 1": "data1"
}, 
{
    "Column 2": " data4", 
    "Column 1": "data3"
}, 
{
    "Column 2": " data6", 
    "Column 1": "data5"
}

]

代替

[
    "Title1": {
        {
            "Column 2": " data2", 
            "Column 1": "data1"
        }, 
        {
            "Column 2": " data4", 
            "Column 1": "data3"
        }, 
        {
            "Column 2": " data6", 
            "Column 1": "data5"
        }
    }
]

以下是CSV可供參考的示例：

Title
data1, data2
data3, data4
data5, data6
Title2
data1, data2
data3, data4
data5, data6

Answer 1

您需要向您的數據發送消息，使其讀入其他結構。

就像是：

data={}
with open('/tmp/f.csv') as f:
    reader=csv.reader(f)
    for sl in (row for row in reader):
        if len(sl)==1:
            key=sl[0]
            data[key]=[]
        else:
            data[key].append({"Column {}".format(i):e for i, e in enumerate(sl,1)}) 

>>> json.dumps(data, f, indent=4)   
{
    "Title2": [
        {
            "Column 2": " data2", 
            "Column 1": "data1"
        }, 
        {
            "Column 2": " data4", 
            "Column 1": "data3"
        }, 
        {
            "Column 2": " data6", 
            "Column 1": "data5"
        }
    ], 
    "Title": [
        {
            "Column 2": " data2", 
            "Column 1": "data1"
        }, 
        {
            "Column 2": " data4", 
            "Column 1": "data3"
        }, 
        {
            "Column 2": " data6", 
            "Column 1": "data5"
        }
    ]
}

Answer 2

您不僅需要使用list ，還需要自己構建嵌套的數據結構。 這是您可以做到的一種方法：

import csv
import json

with open('input.csv') as f:
    columns = ("Column 1", "Column 2")
    reader = csv.DictReader(f, columns)
    tree = {}
    for row in reader:
        if row["Column 2"] is None:
            current = []
            tree[row["Column 1"]] = current
        else:
            current.append(row)

當找到“標題”行（第二列為空）時，新列表將添加到樹中。 進一步的行將添加到該列表，直到出現另一個“標題”行，並開始一個新列表。

Answer 3

你能做這樣的事情嗎？

titles = ['Title', 'Title2']
output = {}
for line in f:
    if line[0] in titles:
        title = line[0]
        output[title] = {}
        output[title]["Column 1"] = []
        output[title]["Column 2"] = []
    else:
        output[title]["Column 1"].append(line[0])
        output[title]["Column 2"].append(line[1])

返回：

{   'Title': {   'Column 1': ['data1', 'data3', 'data5'],
                 'Column 2': ['data2', 'data4', 'data6']},
    'Title2': {   'Column 1': ['data1', 'data3', 'data5'],
                  'Column 2': ['data2', 'data4', 'data6']}}