C ++向量/類/結構縮短簡短的代碼

Question

我最近開始閱讀Sam的《 24小時自學C ++》（第5版）書，並且遇到了Hour 3的第一個練習，其中的問題與為觸地得分加分點目標和安全性的值創建常數有關。 我是在大學比賽中這樣做的，我在每個季度末打印了每個團隊的得分，然后將它們加起來得出最終得分。 參見下面的代碼：

#include <iostream>
int displayScore1(int oregon1, int oregonState1) {
    if (oregon1 >= oregonState1) {
        std::cout << " Oregon: " << oregon1 << " Oregon State: " << oregonState1 << "\n";
    } else {
        std::cout << " Oregon State: " << oregonState1 << " Oregon: " << oregon1 << "\n";
    }
    return 0;
}

int displayScore2(int oregon2, int oregonState2) {
    if (oregon2 >= oregonState2) {
        std::cout << " Oregon: " << oregon2 << " Oregon State: " << oregonState2 << "\n";
    } else {
        std::cout << " Oregon State: " << oregonState2 << " Oregon: " << oregon2 << "\n";
    }
    return 0;
}

int displayScore3(int oregon3, int oregonState3) {
    if (oregon3 >= oregonState3) {
        std::cout << " Oregon: " << oregon3 << " Oregon State: " << oregonState3 << "\n";
    } else {
        std::cout << " Oregon State: " << oregonState3 << " Oregon: " << oregon3 << "\n";
    }
    return 0;
}

int displayScore4(int oregon4, int oregonState4) {
    if (oregon4 >= oregonState4) {
        std::cout << " Oregon: " << oregon4 << " Oregon State: " << oregonState4 << "\n";
    } else {
        std::cout << " Oregon State: " << oregonState4 << " Oregon: " << oregon4 << "\n";
    }
    return 0;
}

int finalScore(int oregonFinal, int oregonStateFinal) {
    if (oregonFinal > oregonStateFinal) {
        std::cout << " Final Score: " << " Oregon " << oregonFinal << " Oregon State " << oregonStateFinal << "\n";
    } else {
        std::cout << " Final Score: " << " Oregon State " << oregonStateFinal << " Oregon " << oregonFinal << "\n";
    }
    return 0;
}

int main () {
    const int touchdown = 6;
    const int fieldGoal = 3;
    const int extraPoint = 1;
    const int safety = 2;

    int oregon1 = 0;
    int oregon2 = 0;
    int oregon3 = 0;
    int oregon4 = 0;
    int oregonState1 = 0;
    int oregonState2 = 0;
    int oregonState3 = 0;
    int oregonState4 = 0;
    int oregonFinal = 0;
    int oregonStateFinal = 0;

    oregon1 = touchdown + extraPoint;
    oregonState1 = touchdown + extraPoint;
    displayScore1(oregon1, oregonState1);

    oregon2 = touchdown + extraPoint;
    oregonState2 = touchdown + extraPoint;
    displayScore2(oregon2, oregonState2);

    oregon3 = touchdown + extraPoint + fieldGoal;
    oregonState3 = touchdown + extraPoint;
    displayScore3(oregon3, oregonState3);

    oregon4 = 0;
    oregonState4 = touchdown + extraPoint + fieldGoal + fieldGoal;
    displayScore4(oregon4, oregonState4);

    oregonFinal = oregon1 + oregon2 + oregon3 + oregon4;
    oregonStateFinal = oregonState1 + oregonState2 + oregonState3 + oregonState4;
    finalScore(oregonFinal, oregonStateFinal);

    return 0;
}

我知道這是很長的路要走，我得到的輸出就是我想要的。 但是，作為C ++的新手，我不確定如何編寫更靈活的代碼以供重用。 我的問題是，有沒有更有效的方法來做到這一點？ 還是有一種方法可以用更少的代碼完成相同的結果/輸出？ 我很高興找出了最初的問題，但我想了解/學習效率以及基本知識。 我知道向量和結構/類可能是一種途徑，我只是不太了解參考資料。

Answer 1

所以首先， string很昂貴，請考慮使用enum ，然后使用map將其轉換為string ，例如：

enum Teams {
    OREGON,
    OREGON_STATE
};

const map<Teams, string> Teams2string = { { OREGON, "Oregon" }, { OREGON_STATE, "Oregon State" } };

然后考慮存儲分數的最佳方法是在vector<pair<int, int>>尤其是因為我們不知道會玩多少個加班時間。 因此，可以基於每個游戲調整vector大小。

最后，我們需要制作一個包含此信息的游戲對象，並提供其自己的displayScore方法：

struct Game {
    const Teams first;
    const Teams second;
    const vector<pair<int, int>> score;

    void displayScore(const int period) {
        if(period < size(score)) {
            if(score[period].first >= score[period].second) {
                cout << Teams2string[first] << ": " << score[period].first << ' ' << Teams2string[second] << ": " << score[period].second << endl;
            } else {
                cout << Teams2string[second] << ": " << score[second].first << ' ' << Teams2string[first] << ": " << score[first].second << endl;
            }
        }
    }
};