從python列表中替換特殊字符

Question

如何使用給定功能替換特殊字符（表情符號）。

例如

emoticons = \
    [   ('__EMOT_SMILEY',   [':-)', ':)', '(:', '(-:', ] )  ,\
        ('__EMOT_LAUGH',        [':-D', ':D', 'X-D', 'XD', 'xD', ] )    ,\
        ('__EMOT_LOVE',     ['<3', ':\*', ] )   ,\
        ('__EMOT_WINK',     [';-)', ';)', ';-D', ';D', '(;', '(-;', ] ) ,\
        ('__EMOT_FROWN',        [':-(', ':(', ] )   ,\
        ('__EMOT_CRY',      [':,(', ':\'(', ':"(', ':(('] ) ,\
    ]

msg = 'I had a beautiful day :)'

期望的輸出

>> I had a beautiful day __EMOT_SMILEY

我知道如何使用字典來實現，但是在這里我有與每個功能關聯的多個值

以下代碼在這種情況下不起作用

for emote, replacement in emoticons.items():
  msg = msg.replace(emote, replacement)

Answer 1

您可以使用字典和 正則表達式 ：

import re

def replace(msg, emoticons):
    d = {r: emote for emote, replacement in emoticons for r in replacement}
    pattern = "|".join(map(re.escape, d))
    msg = re.sub(pattern, lambda match: d[match.group()], msg)
    return msg

print(replace(msg, emoticons))  # I had a beautiful day __EMOT_SMILEY

Answer 2

這應該做到：

emoticons = [   ('__EMOT_SMILEY',   [':-)', ':)', '(:', '(-:', ] ),
        ('__EMOT_LAUGH',    [':-D', ':D', 'X-D', 'XD', 'xD', ] ),
        ('__EMOT_LOVE',     ['<3', ':\*', ] ),
        ('__EMOT_WINK',     [';-)', ';)', ';-D', ';D', '(;', '(-;', ] ),
        ('__EMOT_FROWN',        [':-(', ':(', '(:', '(-:', ] ),
        ('__EMOT_CRY',      [':,(', ':\'(', ':"(', ':(('] )
    ]

emoticons = dict(emoticons)    
emoticons = {v: k for k in emoticons for v in emoticons[k]}

msg = 'I had a beautiful day :)'

for item in emoticons:
    if item in msg:
        msg = msg.replace(item, emoticons[item])

因此，您創建了一個字典，將其反轉並替換了句子中存在的所有圖釋。

Answer 3

嘗試以下方法：

emoticons = [
    ('__EMOT_SMILEY', [':-)', ':)', '(:', '(-:',]),
    ('__EMOT_LAUGH',  [':-D', ':D', 'X-D', 'XD', 'xD',]),
    ('__EMOT_LOVE',   ['<3', ':\*',]),
    ('__EMOT_WINK',   [';-)', ';) ', ';-D', ';D', '(;', '(-;',]),
    ('__EMOT_FROWN',  [':-(', ':(', '(:', '(-:',]),
    ('__EMOT_CRY',    [':,(', ':\'(', ':"(', ':((',]),
]

msg = 'I had a beautiful day :)'

for key, replaceables in dict(emoticons).items():
  for replaceable in replaceables:
    msg = msg.replace(replaceable, key)

print(msg)
>>> I had a beautiful day __EMOT_SMILEY

Answer 4

emoticons = [   ('__EMOT_SMILEY',   [':-)', ':)', '(:', '(-:', ] )  ,
    ('__EMOT_LAUGH',        [':-D', ':D', 'X-D', 'XD', 'xD', ] )    ,
    ('__EMOT_LOVE',     ['<3', ':\*', ] )   ,
    ('__EMOT_WINK',     [';-)', ';)', ';-D', ';D', '(;', '(-;', ] ) ,
    ('__EMOT_FROWN',        [':-(', ':(', '(:', '(-:', ] )  ,
    ('__EMOT_CRY',      [':,(', ':\'(', ':"(', ':(('] ) ,
]


msg = 'I had a beautiful day :)'

for emote, replacement in emoticons:
     for symbol in replacement:
         msg = msg.replace(symbol,emote)

print(msg)

Answer 5

這個怎么樣：

emoticons = [('__EMOT_SMILEY',   [':-)', ':)', '(:', '(-:']),
             ('__EMOT_LAUGH',    [':-D', ':D', 'X-D', 'XD', 'xD']),
             ('__EMOT_LOVE',     ['<3', ':\*']),
             ('__EMOT_WINK',     [';-)', ';)', ';-D', ';D', '(;', '(-;']),
             ('__EMOT_FROWN',    [':-(', ':(', '(:', '(-:']),
             ('__EMOT_CRY',      [':,(', ':\'(', ':"(', ':(('])]

msg = 'I had a beautiful day :)'

grabs = set([x for _, y in emoticons for x in y[1]])

for word in [x for x in msg.split() if all(y in grabs for y in x)]:
    for emot_code, search_patterns in emoticons:
        if word in search_patterns:
            msg = msg.replace(word, emot_code)
print(msg)  # I had a beautiful day __EMOT_SMILEY

它沒有嘗試在msg找到任何表情符號來替換它們，而是先搜索可能是表情符號的子字符串，然后嘗試僅替換那些表情符號 。

就是說，在表情符號之前或之后使用標點符號的情況確實會失敗； 例如， "I had a beautiful day :)."

因此，總而言之。。 "__EMOT_FROWN"

Answer 6

有很多答案可以為您提供所需的確切信息，但有時我認為您所要求的並不是最佳解決方案。 就像tobias_k所說，最干凈的解決方案是將許多鍵映射到相同的值，本質上是“反轉”您的字典：

emoticons = \
    [   ('__EMOT_SMILEY',   [':-)', ':)', '(:', '(-:', ] )  ,\
        ('__EMOT_LAUGH',        [':-D', ':D', 'X-D', 'XD', 'xD', ] )    ,\
        ('__EMOT_LOVE',     ['<3', ':\*', ] )   ,\
        ('__EMOT_WINK',     [';-)', ';)', ';-D', ';D', '(;', '(-;', ] ) ,\
        ('__EMOT_FROWN',        [':-(', ':(', '(:', '(-:', ] )  ,\
        ('__EMOT_CRY',      [':,(', ':\'(', ':"(', ':(('] ) ,\
    ]

emote_dict = {emote: name for name, vals in emoticons for emote in vals}

上面的代碼反轉了字典，因此現在可以像這樣使用它：

>>>print(emote_dict[':)'])
_EMOT_SMILY

Answer 7

您可以嘗試使用dict，只要表情符號中只有2個或3個字符，並且該人使用空格，此方法就可以工作。我確定您可以使其更強大，但現在可以使用。

emoticons = {
    '__EMOT_SMILEY': {':-)', ':)', '(:', '(-:'},
    '__EMOT_LAUGH' : {':-D', ':D', 'X-D', 'XD', 'xD'},
    '__EMOT_LOVE' : {'<3', ':\*'},
    '__EMOT_WINK' :{';-)', ';)', ';-D', ';D', '(;', '(-;'},
    '__EMOT_FROWN' : {':-(', ':(', '(:', '(-:'},
    '__EMOT_CRY' : {':,(', ':\'(', ':"(', ':(('}
        }

msg = 'I had a beautiful day :,('
img = msg[-3]
if img[0]==' ':
    img = msg[-2:]
else:
    img = msg[-3:]

for k, v in emoticons.items():
    if img in v:
        print(msg[:-3], k)