如何使用pip在Scrapinghub上安裝中間件

Question

我有一個抓緊的項目，它通過pip使用中間件安裝。 更具體地說， scrapy-random-useragent 。

設置文件＃-- 編碼：utf-8--

# Scrapy settings for batdongsan project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'batdongsan'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['batdongsan.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'batdongsan.spiders'
FEED_EXPORT_ENCODING = 'utf-8' # make output in json become human readable utf-8
CLOSESPIDER_PAGECOUNT = 10 # limit the number of page crawl
LOG_LEVEL = 'INFO' # write less log

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    #'batdongsan.middlewares.MyCustomDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
    'scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware': None,
    'random_useragent.RandomUserAgentMiddleware': 400
}
USER_AGENT_LIST = "agents.txt"

我的機器上的草書項目運行良好。
我使用鏈接的github項目部署在scrapinghub上。
我在scrapinghub的日志上遇到了錯誤。

  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/commands/crawl.py", line 57, in run
    self.crawler_process.crawl(spname, **opts.spargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/crawler.py", line 168, in crawl
    return self._crawl(crawler, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/crawler.py", line 172, in _crawl
    d = crawler.crawl(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 1445, in unwindGenerator
    return _inlineCallbacks(None, gen, Deferred())
--- <exception caught here> ---
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 1299, in _inlineCallbacks
    result = g.send(result)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/crawler.py", line 95, in crawl
    six.reraise(*exc_info)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/crawler.py", line 77, in crawl
    self.engine = self._create_engine()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/crawler.py", line 102, in _create_engine
    return ExecutionEngine(self, lambda _: self.stop())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/core/engine.py", line 69, in __init__
    self.downloader = downloader_cls(crawler)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py", line 88, in __init__
    self.middleware = DownloaderMiddlewareManager.from_crawler(crawler)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/middleware.py", line 58, in from_crawler
    return cls.from_settings(crawler.settings, crawler)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/middleware.py", line 34, in from_settings
    mwcls = load_object(clspath)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/utils/misc.py", line 44, in load_object
    mod = import_module(module)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
exceptions.ImportError: No module named random_useragent

很明顯，問題出在No module named random_useragent 。

但是我不知道如何通過Scrapinghub上的pip安裝該模塊。

Answer 1

在Scrapinghub上將GitHub存儲庫與Python依賴項鏈接時，您需要在存儲庫的根目錄中有2個文件（與scrapy.cfg文件處於同一級別）：

• scrapinghub.yml
• requirements.txt

它們應該包含與他們文檔中shub deploy部分中詳述的內容相同的內容：

scrapinghub.yml：

requirements:
  file: requirements.txt

requirements.txt

scrapy-random-useragent