Android：藍牙應用在啟動時崩潰

Question

我是Android應用程序開發的新手。 我正在嘗試編寫一個可以發現藍牙設備並將其顯示在列表中的應用程序。 我正在使用BroadcastReceiver將發現的設備添加到列表中，但是由於我添加了BroadcastReceiver因此應用程序在啟動時一直崩潰。

我在Oneplus 3（Android 7.1.1）和Huawei P8 Lite（Android 6）上測試了該應用程序。

我的代碼：MainActivity.java

package com.example.jeroen.testbluetooth;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Set;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private final static int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1; // static variable for intent to start BT, must be locally declared
    private final ArrayAdapter<String> btArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1);
    private ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.ListView); // findViewById(int id), id must match with id of view in layout file

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }


    // callback function must have view parameter
    public void BtnConnectToDevice(View view) {

        // check if BT is supported
        BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); // get bluetooth adapter of this device
        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
            // Device does not support Bluetooth
            // app shuts down
            // TODO show message for user
            finishAndRemoveTask();
        }

        // check if BT is enabled, if not turn on
        // startActivityForResult returns result of request (successful or cancelled)
        if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
            Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); // create Intent to enable bluetooth
            startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); // TODO no result in the moment
        }

        // get all paired devices as set (set = unsorted array/list)
        Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();

        // add names and addresses of paired devices to array
        if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
            // There are paired devices. Get the name and address of each paired device.
            // for loop every element of pairedDevices is passed and temporary copied into "device"
            for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
                String deviceName = device.getName();
                String deviceHardwareAddress = device.getAddress(); // MAC address

                // add items to adapter
                btArrayAdapter.add(deviceName + "\n"
                        + deviceHardwareAddress);
            }
        }

        // if scanning already running, stop
        if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
            mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
        }

        // search for devices
        mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();

        // Register the broadcast receiver
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
        registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

        // TODO do something with the list

        // show array in listView
        // connect btArrayAdapter to ListView
        // ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.ListView); // findViewById(int id), id must match with id of view in layout file
//        listView.setAdapter(btArrayAdapter);

    }


    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        // Don't forget to unregister the ACTION_FOUND receiver.
        unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);

        // super.onDestroy();
    }



    private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                // A Bluetooth device was found
                // Getting device information from the intent
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);

                // add newly discovered devices to list
                String deviceName = device.getName();
                String deviceHardwareAddress = device.getAddress(); // MAC address

                // add items to adapter
                btArrayAdapter.add(deviceName + "\n"
                        + deviceHardwareAddress);
            }
        }
    };

}

activity_main.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context="com.example.jeroen.testbluetooth.MainActivity">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/BtnConnectToDevice"
            android:layout_width="144dp"
            android:layout_height="48dp"
            android:layout_marginLeft="120dp"
            android:layout_marginStart="120dp"
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:elevation="0dp"
            android:onClick="BtnConnectToDevice"
            android:text="Connect"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/ListView"
            android:layout_width="368dp"
            android:layout_height="437dp"
            android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.jeroen.testbluetooth">

    // permissions
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> // Allows applications to connect to paired bluetooth devices
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> // Allows applications to discover and pair bluetooth devices
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

當我刪除BroadcastReceiver ，應用程序啟動正常，但是如果沒有它，我將無法掃描設備。

如果有人可以幫助我，我將不勝感激。 如果您需要其他信息，請隨時詢問。

最良好的問候，

耶羅恩

Answer 1

這是我的工作代碼以掃描設備

 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
  mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
  mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
   public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    String action = intent.getAction();

    //Finding devices
    if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action))
    {
     // Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent
     BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);


//Here you get scan device info
String DeviveName=device.getName();


    }
    else {

     if (mainActivity!=null)mainActivity.status.setText("Status:No device found");
    }
   }
  };

  IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
  registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

Answer 2

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
       private final static int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1; // static variable for intent to start BT, must be locally declared
       private ArrayAdapter<String> btArrayAdapter ;
       private ListView listView ; // findViewById(int id), id must match with id of view in layout file

       @Override
       protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activimain);
            if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 1);

            listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.ListView);
            btArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1);

      }


// callback function must have view parameter
       public void BtnConnectToDevice(View view) {

    // check if BT is supported
    BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); // get bluetooth adapter of this device
    if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
        // Device does not support Bluetooth
        // app shuts down
        // TODO show message for user
        finishAndRemoveTask();
    }

    // check if BT is enabled, if not turn on
    // startActivityForResult returns result of request (successful or cancelled)
    if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
        Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); // create Intent to enable bluetooth
        startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); // TODO no result in the moment
    }

    // get all paired devices as set (set = unsorted array/list)
    Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();

    // add names and addresses of paired devices to array
    if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
        // There are paired devices. Get the name and address of each paired device.
        // for loop every element of pairedDevices is passed and temporary copied into "device"
        for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
            String deviceName = device.getName();
            String deviceHardwareAddress = device.getAddress(); // MAC address

            // add items to adapter
            btArrayAdapter.add(deviceName + "\n"
                    + deviceHardwareAddress);
        }
    }

    // if scanning already running, stop
    if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
        mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
    }

    // search for devices
    mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();

    // Register the broadcast receiver
    IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
    registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

    // TODO do something with the list

    // show array in listView
    // connect btArrayAdapter to ListView
    //ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.ListView); // findViewById(int id), id must match with id of view in layout file
    listView.setAdapter(btArrayAdapter);

}

@Override
protected void onResume() {
    registerReceiver(mReceiver, new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND));
    super.onResume();
}

@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
    // Don't forget to unregister the ACTION_FOUND receiver.
    unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);

     super.onDestroy();
}



public BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
            // A Bluetooth device was found
            // Getting device information from the intent
            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);

            // add newly discovered devices to list
            String deviceName = device.getName();
            String deviceHardwareAddress = device.getAddress(); // MAC address

            // add items to adapter
            btArrayAdapter.add(deviceName + "\n"
                    + deviceHardwareAddress);
        }
    }
};

}

manifest.xml

     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

      <permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" android:label="BLUETOOTH" />
      <permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
      <permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
      <permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />