使用DB進行單元測試Hibernate，測試返回nullpointerexception

Question

我用ORM（休眠）編寫Rest Api，現在我想測試該服務邏輯。 我正在嘗試模擬我的數據庫的實體，但效果不佳。 我的選擇是與Mockito一起使用，但是現在我對此有所懷疑。 通常我從編寫的測試中獲取NullPointerException。 我應該以另一種方式（不同方式“模擬”該數據庫）編寫Junit測試，還是我不了解Hibernate？

這是我的代碼：測試類

public class ItemServiceImplTest {

@Spy
private ItemServiceImplementation itemServImpl;

@Mock
private BasketRepository basketRepository;
@Mock
private ItemRepository itemRepository;
@Mock
private Basket basket;
@Spy
private Item item;

@Before
public void setupMock() {

    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    itemServImpl = new ItemServiceImplementation();
    itemServImpl.setItemRepository(itemRepository);
    itemServImpl.setBasketRepository(basketRepository);

}


@Test
public void testShowBasket() {
    Iterable<Basket> element = basketRepository.findAll();

    when(itemServImpl.showBasket()).thenReturn(element);

    Iterable<Basket> elementOne = itemServImpl.showBasket();

    assertThat(elementOne, is(equalTo(element)));
}


@Test
public void testAddToBasketStringInt() {
    Item a = new Item("A", 40, 70, 3);
    Basket testObjOne = new Basket(3, 70, a);

    when(itemServImpl.addToBasket("A", 3)).thenReturn((Iterable<Basket>) basketRepository.save(testObjOne));

    Iterable<Basket> zzz = itemServImpl.addToBasket("A", 3);

    assertThat(zzz, is(equalTo(testObjOne)));
}

楷模

@Entity
public class Item {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private long id;
private String name;
private int price;
private int specialPrice;
private int qtyToDiscount;

public Item(){};



public Item(String name, int price, int specialPrice, int qtyToDiscount) {

    this.name = name;
    this.price = price;
    this.specialPrice = specialPrice;
    this.qtyToDiscount = qtyToDiscount;
}

@Entity
public class Basket {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private long orderId;
private int quantity;
private int cost;



@OneToOne
@JoinTable(name = "BASKET_ORDERS", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "ORDER_ID") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "ID") })
private Item item;

public Basket() {
}

public Basket(int quantity, int cost,Item items) {

    this.quantity = quantity;
    this.cost = cost;
    this.item = items;
}

服務

@Service("itemService")
@Transactional
public class ItemServiceImplementation implements ItemCRUDService, ItemCostService, ItemFindService {



public static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ItemServiceImplementation.class);

@Autowired
public void setItemRepository(ItemRepository itemRepository) {
    this.itemRepository = itemRepository;
}
@Autowired
public void setBasketRepository(BasketRepository basketRepository) {
    this.basketRepository = basketRepository;
}

private BasketRepository basketRepository;

private ItemRepository itemRepository;


public Iterable<Basket> showBasket() {

    return basketRepository.findAll();
}


public Iterable<Basket> addToBasket(String name, int qty) {

        if (basketRepository.exists(itemRepository.findOne(findItem(name).getId()).getId())==false) { 

        logger.info("add to empty list");
        basketRepository.save(new Basket(qty, itemCost(name, qty), findItem(name)));
        logger.info("adding");
    }

    modifyOrder(findItem(name).getId(), qty);
    itemCost(name, qty);
    logger.info("modify");

    return showBasket();

}
public Item findItem(String name) {

    for (Item item : itemRepository.findAll()) {
        if (item.getName().equals(name)) {
            return item;
        }
    }
    return null;
}
public int itemCost(String name, int qty) {

    int price = 0;

    int modulo = qty % findItem(name).getSpecialPrice();

    price = findItem(name).getPrice() * modulo
            + findItem(name).getSpecialPrice() * ((qty - modulo) / `findItem(name).getSpecialPrice());`

    return price;

}

Answer 1

我應該以另一種方式（不同方式“模擬”該數據庫）編寫Junit測試嗎？

您沒有提到生產中使用的數據庫，但是如果它是傳統的基於SQL的數據庫，則很有可能可以將H2或HSQL嵌入式數據庫以其兼容模式之一用於單元測試（如果設置了嵌入式連接作為默認spring配置文件的數據源，我發現這是最簡單的方法）