bash 腳本 - 如何處理逗號分隔列表作為函數的輸入參數

Question

我試圖弄清楚如何將逗號分隔的列表作為輸入傳遞,並讓我的函數一次處理一個值。

我的功能：

addToWhitelist ()
{
   host='127.0.0.1'
   db='mytest'
   _mongo=$(which mongo);
   echo "${_ip}";
   read -a arr <<<${_ip};
   for i in ${arr[@]};
   do
     exp="db.account.update({\"account\":'${_account}'},{\$addToSet:{\"ip_list\": {\$each:['${_ip}'] }}})";
     ${_mongo} ${host}/${db} --eval "$exp"
   done
}

我像這樣運行我的腳本：

./myscript.sh -m add -a pizzahut -i 123.456.790.007,123.456.790.008

我的代碼正在進行中：

#!/usr/local/bin/bash
set -e
set -x

# Usage for getopts
usage () {
    echo "Example: $0 -m find -a pizzahut"
    echo "Example: $0 -m add -a pizzahut -i 10.10.123.456"
    exit 1;
}

while getopts ":m:a:i:" o; do
  case "${o}" in
    m)
    _mode=${OPTARG}
         if [[ "${_mode}" != find && "${_mode}" != add ]]; then
        usage
        fi
    ;;
    a)
    _account=${OPTARG}
    ;;
    i)
    _ip=${OPTARG}
        set -f
        IFS=,
    ;;
    *)
       usage
       ;;
  esac
done
shift $((OPTIND-1))


getWhitelist ()
{
   host='127.0.0.1'
   db='mytest'
   _mongo=$(which mongo);
   exp="db.account.find({\"account\":'${_account}'},{ip_list: 1}).pretty();";
   ${_mongo} ${host}/${db} --eval "$exp"
}

# Read a list
addToWhitelist ()
{
   host='127.0.0.1'
   db='mytest'
   _mongo=$(which mongo);
   echo "${_ip}";
   read -a arr <<<${_ip};
   for i in ${arr[@]};
   do
     exp="db.account.update({\"account\":'${_account}'},{\$addToSet:{\"ip_list\": {\$each:['${_ip}'] }}})";
     ${_mongo} ${host}/${db} --eval "$exp"
   done
}


case "${_mode}" in
  'find')
      echo "Finding information for the account ${_account}"
      getWhitelist
      ;;
  'add')
      echo "Adding the following IP: ${_ip}"
      addToWhitelist
      ;;
esac

set +x

但是，我在調用該函數時遇到的問題是將值作為單個字符串插入：

  "ip_list" : [
    "123.456.790.006",
    "123.456.790.007,123.456.790.008",
    "123.456.790.009"
  ]
}

期待：

  "ip_list" : [
    "123.456.790.006",
    "123.456.790.007",
    "123.456.790.008",
    "123.456.790.009"
  ]
}

Answer 1

由於您的腳本接收以逗號分隔的 IP 列表，因此實際上類似於：

_ip="123.456.790.007,123.456.790.008"

您需要將列表拆分為,並用引號將每個 IP 包裝起來，然后再將其提供給 Mongo 的$each運算符。

首先，將IFS重定義僅本地化為read命令，然后利用printf在提供更多參數時重用相同格式字符串的行為（擴展數組"${arr[@]}" ），將結果存儲到變量通過-v選項，並從結果中去除前導, ：

IFS=, read -a arr <<<"${_ip}"
printf -v ips ',"%s"' "${arr[@]}"
ips="${ips:1}"

對於上面給出的_ip值，此腳本將存儲在ips變量中：

"123.456.790.007","123.456.790.008"

---

因此，將此應用於您的程序，首先更改您的i)案例，例如：

case "${o}" in
    # ...
    i) _ip=${OPTARG};;
esac

然后修復addToWhitelist函數：

addToWhitelist() {
    host='127.0.0.1'
    db='mytest'
    _mongo=$(which mongo)
    IFS=, read -a arr <<<"${_ip}"
    printf -v ips ',"%s"' "${arr[@]}"
    ips="${ips:1}"
    exp="db.account.update({'account': '${_account}'}, {\$addToSet:{'ip_list': {\$each:[$ips]}}})";
    "${_mongo}" "${host}/${db}" --eval "$exp"
}

Answer 2

下面試試，

ip=$(echo ${OPTARG}|sed "s/,/,\\n/g")

所以完整的腳本會是這樣的，

#!/usr/local/bin/bash
set -e
set -x

# Usage for getopts
usage () {
    echo "Example: $0 -m find -a pizzahut"
    echo "Example: $0 -m add -a pizzahut -i 10.10.123.456"
    exit 1;
}

while getopts ":m:a:i:" o; do
  case "${o}" in
    m)
    _mode=${OPTARG}
         if [[ "${_mode}" != find && "${_mode}" != add ]]; then
        usage
        fi
    ;;
    a)
    _account=${OPTARG}
    ;;
     i)
    _ip=$(echo ${OPTARG}|sed "s/,/,\n/g")
        set -f
        IFS=,
    ;;
    *)
       usage
       ;;
  esac
done
shift $((OPTIND-1))
getWhitelist ()
{
   host='127.0.0.1'
   db='mytest'
   _mongo=$(which mongo);
   exp="db.account.find({\"account\":'${_account}'},{ip_list: 1}).pretty();";
   ${_mongo} ${host}/${db} --eval "$exp"
}

# Read a list
addToWhitelist ()
{
   host='127.0.0.1'
   db='mytest'
   _mongo=$(which mongo);
   echo "${_ip}";
   read -a arr <<<${_ip};
   for i in ${arr[@]};
   do
   exp="db.account.update({\"account\":'${_account}'},{\$addToSet:{\"ip_list\": {\$each:['${_ip}'] }}})";
     ${_mongo} ${host}/${db} --eval "$exp"
   done
}


case "${_mode}" in
  'find')
      echo "Finding information for the account ${_account}"
      getWhitelist
      ;;
  'add')
   echo "Adding the following IP: ${_ip}"
      addToWhitelist
      ;;
esac

set +x