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如何在Java中為其他屬性列表的屬性編寫equals和hashCode方法

[英]How to write equals and hashCode methods in java for attribute that is a list of other attributes

我有一個HashMap ,其中的鍵是一個類,值是一個整數。 我需要檢查地圖中是否已存在該類的對象。 我使用containsKey() ,但是由於某些原因,當我在equals()hashCode()包含屬性sideDish時,它不起作用。 這是我的課程代碼:

OrderItem類:

@ToString
@Entity
@Table(name="OrderItem")
public class OrderItem implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Getter @Setter 
    private Long id;

    @ManyToOne
    @Getter @Setter 
    private Food food;

    @ManyToMany
    @Getter @Setter 
    private List<SideDish> sideDishes;

    public OrderItem() {}

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((food == null) ? 0 : food.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((sideDishes == null) ? 0 : sideDishes.hashCode());
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
            return false;
        OrderItem other = (OrderItem) obj;
        if (food == null) {
            if (other.food != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!food.equals(other.food))
            return false;
        if (sideDishes == null) {
            if (other.sideDishes != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!sideDishes.equals(other.sideDishes))
            return false;
        return true;
    }
}

食品類:

@ToString
@Entity
@Table(name="Food")
public class Food implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Getter @Setter 
    private Long id;

    @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
    @NotNull(message = "Name cannot be null.")
    @Getter @Setter 
    private String name;

    @ManyToMany
    @Getter @Setter
    private List<SideDish> sidedishes;

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((foodtype == null) ? 0 : foodtype.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
            return false;
        Food other = (Food) obj;
        if (foodtype == null) {
            if (other.foodtype != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!foodtype.equals(other.foodtype))
            return false;
        if (id == null) {
            if (other.id != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!id.equals(other.id))
            return false;
        if (name == null) {
            if (other.name != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!name.equals(other.name))
            return false;
        return true;
    }
}

SideDish類:

@Entity
@ToString(exclude= {"id","dishtype"})
@Table(name="SideDish")
public class SideDish implements Serializable, Comparable<SideDish>{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Getter @Setter
    private Long id;

    @Getter @Setter
    @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
    private String name;

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
            return false;
        SideDish other = (SideDish) obj;
        if (id == null) {
            if (other.id != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!id.equals(other.id))
            return false;
        if (name == null) {
            if (other.name != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!name.equals(other.name))
            return false;
        return true;
    }
}

出於某種原因,如果我從OrderItem類的equals()hashCode()sideDish屬性,則它可以正常工作。

但是我還需要將sideDish作為對象標識的一部分進行檢查。

這是我的用法:

HashMap<OrderItem, Integer> orderItemsToSend = new HashMap<OrderItem, Integer>();

for (Order order : orders) {
    for (OrderItem orderItem : order.getOrderItems()) {
        int numSimilarOrders = getNumOfSimilarOrders(orderItem, orders);
        if(!orderItemsToSend.containsKey(orderItem)) {
            orderItemsToSend.put(orderItem, numSimilarOrders);
        }else {
            System.out.println("Vec je dodat item koji isti kao: " + orderItem.getFood().getName());
        }
    }
}

OrderItem類中, hashCode()equals()取決於屬性List<SideDish> sideDishes

因此,如果sideDishes更改,則hashCode() sideDishes更改(相等性sideDishes更改)。


HashMap使用hashCode()equals()來存儲和查找作為key的對象。 它使用了一個稱為“ 哈希桶 ”的概念。 如果將密鑰放入HashMap ,然后hashCode()更改,則該對象將位於錯誤的哈希存儲桶中,並且您將無法再次找到它。

密鑰是用於查找目的的東西,這就是“密鑰”一詞的含義。 密鑰的重要質量,無論是在數據庫中還是在哈希圖中,都是不可變性的。 因此,在Java中,這意味着更改其hashCode()的對象將產生錯誤的密鑰。

這有點像文件系統通過文件名的哈希進行查找,但是隨后您更改了文件名,但沒有更新哈希。 您只能通過使用舊名稱進行查找來找到文件。


這個簡單的測試程序將說明這一點。

我們將2個對象存儲在HashMap ,然后更改hashCode() 映射仍然包含兩個對象,但是現在找不到其中之一或將其用於查找。

解決方案是使用一些簡單的不可變對象作為 ,例如其數據庫ID的Long

示例輸出在代碼下方。

public class HashTest {

   static class Hashable {
     String name;

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
      return ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object object) {
      return (object instanceof Hashable) && equals((Hashable) object); 
    }

    private boolean equals(Hashable that) {
      return Objects.equals(this.name, that.name);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
      // Use identityHashCode() so we can really see which object is which
      return "[" + name + ":" + System.identityHashCode(this) + "]";
    }
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
     Hashable one = new Hashable();
     one.name = "one";
     Hashable two = new Hashable();
     two.name = "one";

     print(one, two);
     two.name = "two";
     print(one, two);

     HashMap<Hashable, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();

     map.put(one, 1);
     map.put(two, 2);
     find(map, one, two);

     one.name = "two"; // Let's confuse things
     print(one, two);
     find(map, one, two);
   }

   private static void print(Hashable one, Hashable two) {
     System.out.print("Names:" + one.name + ":" + two.name);
     System.out.print("\tHashcodes:" + one.hashCode() + ":" + two.hashCode());
     System.out.println("\tEquals:" + one.equals(two));
   }

   private static void find(HashMap<Hashable, Integer> map, Hashable one, Hashable two) {
     System.out.print(map);
     System.out.print("\tFound: " + map.get(one));
     System.out.println("\tFound: " + map.get(two));
   }
}

樣本輸出:

Names:one:one   Hashcodes:110182:110182 Equals:true
Names:one:two   Hashcodes:110182:115276 Equals:false
{[one:366712642]=1, [two:1829164700]=2} Found: 1    Found: 2
Names:two:two   Hashcodes:115276:115276 Equals:true
{[two:366712642]=1, [two:1829164700]=2} Found: 2    Found: 2

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