對於具有泛型類型的迭代器 - Java

Question

我在使用這段代碼時遇到了麻煩。 基本上，給出了主要功能，並且要求開發編譯代碼的最簡單版本的CountDown 。

班級主要 ：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        CountDown a = new CountDown(3,15);
        CountDown b = new CountDown(2,20);
        CountDown c = new CountDown(3,15);

        List<CountDown> lst = new ArrayList<CountDown>();
        lst.add(a);
        lst.add(b);
        lst.add(c);

        Set<CountDown> set = new HashSet<CountDown>();
        set.addAll(lst);

        lst.clear();
        lst.addAll(set);
        Collections.sort(lst);

        for(E e : lst) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }

    }

}

類CountDown ：

public class CountDown implements Comparable<CountDown> {
    private int hour;
    private int minute;

    public CountDown(int hour, int minute) throws Exception {

        if ((hour > 23 || hour < 0) && (minute > 59 || minute < 0)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Horas ou minutos invalidos");
        } else {
            this.hour = hour;
            this.minute = minute;
        }
    }

    public int gethour() {
        return this.hour;
    }

    public int getminute() {
        return this.minute;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(CountDown arg0) {
        int result = 0;
        int minute1 = arg0.getminute();
        int hour1 = arg0.gethour();

        result = this.getminute() - minute1;

        if(result == 0) {
            result = this.gethour() - hour1;
        }

        return result;
    }
}

我的問題是在Main函數中這段代碼不能編譯，我不知道如何使它工作。 有人能告訴我什么是錯的嗎？

for(E e : lst) {
    System.out.println(e);
}

Answer 1

您的lst變量是CountDown對象的列表，因此如果您在此處將E更改為CountDown ：

for(E e : lst) {

它應該工作。

Answer 2

為了使其正常工作，您可能需要一些東西。

首先，您需要一個簡單的界面或E類：

public interface E
{

}

將以下位添加到CountDown 。 注意事情發生變化的評論：

// Added "implements E" and provided trivial interface E
// to allow (for E : ...) to work in main(...).
public class CountDown implements E, Comparable<CountDown> {
  private int hour;
  private int minute;

  // Removed unnecessary "throws Exception" specifier
  public CountDown(int hour, int minute) {
    // Previous logic incorrect.  Should throw exception if either hour
    // OR minute is out of range.
    if (hour > 23 || hour < 0 || minute > 59 || minute < 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Horas ou minutos invalidos");
    } else {
      this.hour = hour;
      this.minute = minute;
    }
  }

  // Corrected capitalisation to make bean compliant name.
  // Not strictly required.
  public int getHour() {
    return this.hour;
  }

  // Corrected capitalisation to make bean compliant name.
  // Not strictly required.
  public int getMinute() {
    return this.minute;
  }

  @Override
  public int compareTo(CountDown other) {
    // Simplified logic.  Made sort by hours, then by minutes.
    int cmp = Integer.compare(this.getHour(), other.getHour());
    if (cmp == 0)
      cmp = Integer.compare(this.getMinute(), other.getMinute());
    return cmp;
  }

  // Really should have equals(...) method if instances are comparable.
  // Also required if we want to use instances in a HashSet
  @Override
  public boolean equals(Object o)
  {
    if (this == o)
      return true;
    if (o instanceof CountDown)
    {
      CountDown other = (CountDown)o;
      // Ensures that this logic is consistent with compareTo(...)
      return this.compareTo(other) == 0;
    }
    return false;
  }

  // Really should have hashCode() if we have equals.
  // Also required if we want to use instances in a HashSet
  @Override
  public int hashCode()
  {
    // Collision-free hash code given logic in constructor.
    return this.hour * 60 + this.minute;
  }

  // Required to show a sensible value for System.out.print(...) etc
  @Override
  public String toString()
  {
    return String.format("%s[%02d:%02d]", getClass().getSimpleName(),
        this.getHour(), this.getMinute());
  }
}

鑒於這些變化， main(...)應該無需修改即可運行。

Answer 3

要刪除編譯錯誤，您需要做兩件事：

1. lst包含CountDown類型的元素，因此增強的for循環變量應該是CountDown類型而不是E即for(CountDown e : lst) { ... } 。
2. 由於您的構造函數可能會拋出異常，因此您需要將main聲明為public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {或將代碼包裝在try / catch 。

Answer 4

如果你需要顯示CountDown類的值，請覆蓋tostring（）方法..希望它能工作......

import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Collections;
    import java.util.HashSet;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Set;

    public class Test{

        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
                List<CountDown> lst = new ArrayList<CountDown>();
                CountDown a = new CountDown(3,15);
                CountDown b = new CountDown(2,20);
                CountDown c = new CountDown(3,15);
                lst.add(a);
                lst.add(b);
                lst.add(c);
                Set<CountDown> set = new HashSet<CountDown>();
                set.addAll(lst);
                lst.clear();
                lst.addAll(set);
                Collections.sort(lst);
                for(CountDown e : lst) {
                    System.out.println(e);
                }

        }

    }
     class CountDown implements Comparable<CountDown>{
        private int hour;
        private int minute;

        public CountDown(int hour, int minute) throws Exception {
            if ((hour > 23 || hour < 0) && (minute > 59 || minute < 0)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Horas ou minutos invalidos");
            } else {
                this.hour = hour;
                this.minute = minute;
            }
        }

        public int gethour() {
            return this.hour;
        }

        public int getminute() {
            return this.minute;
        }

        @Override
        public int compareTo(CountDown arg0) {
            int result = 0;
            int minute1 = arg0.getminute();
            int hour1 = arg0.gethour();
            result = this.getminute() - minute1;
            if(result == 0) {
                result = this.gethour() - hour1;
            }
            return result;
        }
    }

Answer 5

它有兩個錯誤。 1. CountDown類構造函數標記為“拋出異常”。 當您創建它的實例時，需要將其包裝到Try-Catch塊中。 2.迭代CountDown列表的集合時，for循環中指定的類型是錯誤的。 3.修復System.out.println以打印用戶友好的信息。

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CountDown> lst = new ArrayList<CountDown>();
        try
        {
            CountDown a = new CountDown(3,15);
            CountDown b = new CountDown(2,20);
            CountDown c = new CountDown(3,15);
            lst.add(a);
            lst.add(b);
            lst.add(c);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {

        }
        Set<CountDown> set = new HashSet<CountDown>();
        set.addAll(lst);
        lst.clear();
        lst.addAll(set);
        Collections.sort(lst);
        for(CountDown e : lst) {
            System.out.println("Hours: " + e.gethour() + " Minutes: " + e.getminute());
        }

    }
}