使用tkinter根據OptionMenu答案更改復選框列表

Question

我對tkinter有點麻煩

事情是這樣的：我有一個dropdown （OptionMenu），可以選擇某些內容。

我在OptionMenu的變量上設置了tracer ，當下拉列表更改時，該OptionMenu將調用函數。 （函數callback_project_name_changed ）

調用回調時，我檢查已選擇了哪個項目，並顯示所需的復選框的適當列表。

這是我到目前為止的代碼：

from tkinter import *
import os
import sys
from tkinter import filedialog


class Checkbar(Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent=None, picks=[], side=LEFT, anchor=W):
        Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self.vars = []
        for pick in picks:
            var = IntVar()
            chk = Checkbutton(self, text=pick, variable=var)
            chk.pack(side=side, anchor=anchor, expand=YES)
            self.vars.append(var)

    def state(self):
        return map((lambda var: var.get()), self.vars)


class Application():
    def __init__(self):
        self.window = Tk()

    def close_window(self):
        self.window.destroy()
        sys.exit()

    def close_window_escape(self, event):
        self.window.destroy()
        sys.exit()

    def get_project_path(self):
        self.path = filedialog.askdirectory()
        print(self.path)

    def callback_project_name_changed(self, *args):
        # @todo: Make groups like when you tick `tests` it ticks all the tests
        self.project_selected = self.project.get()
        if self.project_selected == "other":
            # @todo: whitelist/blacklist for options
            self.options = Checkbar(self.window, ['author', 'norme', 'Makefile'])
            self.options.pack(side=LEFT)

        if self.project_selected == "42commandements":
            self.options = None

        if self.project_selected == "libft":
            self.options = Checkbar(self.window, ['author', 'forbidden-functions', 'makefile', 'norme', 'static', 'extra', 'required', 'bonus', 'benchmark', 'tests', 'libftest', 'maintest', 'moulitest', 'fillit-checker', 'libft-unit-test'])
            self.options.pack(side=LEFT)

        if self.project_selected == "fillit":
            self.options = Checkbar(self.window, ['author', 'forbidden-functions', 'makefile', 'norme', 'tests', 'fillit-checker'])
            self.options.pack(side=LEFT)

    def start(self):
        if self.options != None:
            print(list(self.options.state()))

    def create_window(self):
        self.window.title("42PyChecker")
        self.window.minsize(width=800, height=800)
        # @todo: Set a icon for app image
        #self.window.iconbitmap(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) + "/favicon.ico")
        # @todo: Find a way to loop through gif frames to have animated logo
        logo = PhotoImage(file=os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) + "/logo.gif")
        Label(self.window, image=logo).pack()
        Button(self.window, text="Select Project Path", width=20, command=self.get_project_path).pack()

        self.project = StringVar(self.window)
        dropdown = OptionMenu(self.window, self.project, "other", "42commandements", "libft", 'fillit')
        dropdown.pack()

        Button(self.window, text="Start", command=self.start).pack(side=BOTTOM)

        Button(self.window, text="Exit", command=self.close_window).pack(side=BOTTOM)
        self.window.bind('<Escape>', self.close_window_escape)

        self.project.trace("w", self.callback_project_name_changed)
        self.window.mainloop()
app = Application()
app.create_window()

如果您運行它並多次更改下拉菜單（更改為相同的一個或不同的選項），它將僅添加更多復選框，而不會刪除任何復選框。 我猜想這是應該發生的，因為我沒有刪除任何內容，而是在每次更改下拉菜單時都添加了CheckBars。

現在，讓我們更改一些代碼，並嘗試添加.destroy()或.pack_forget() ：

    def callback_project_name_changed(self, *args):
        # @todo: Make groups like when you tick `tests` it ticks all the tests
        self.project_selected = self.project.get()
        if self.project_selected == "other":
            self.options.destroy()
            # @todo: whitelist/blacklist for options
            self.options = Checkbar(self.window, ['author', 'norme', 'Makefile'])
            self.options.pack(side=LEFT)

        if self.project_selected == "42commandements":
            self.options = None

        if self.project_selected == "libft":
            self.options.destroy()
            self.options = Checkbar(self.window, ['author', 'forbidden-functions', 'makefile', 'norme', 'static', 'extra', 'required', 'bonus', 'benchmark', 'tests', 'libftest', 'maintest', 'moulitest', 'fillit-checker', 'libft-unit-test'])
            self.options.pack(side=LEFT)

        if self.project_selected == "fillit":
            self.options.destroy()
            self.options = Checkbar(self.window, ['author', 'forbidden-functions', 'makefile', 'norme', 'tests', 'fillit-checker'])
            self.options.pack(side=LEFT)

現在，當選擇該選項時，輸出會給我一個錯誤，因為self.options尚未初始化。 因此，我找到了一種解決方法，只是將is_initialized設置為0或1可以解決問題。

但是，復選框並沒有被刪除，只是一直被添加。

TL; DR：更改后不會刪除復選框。 我要實現的是基於通過OptionMenu選擇的內容具有不同的復選框列表

有沒有更簡單的方法？

Answer 1

好吧，我研究了一段時間，基於這個答案，我能夠使它工作。 這是代碼：

from tkinter import *
import os
import sys
from tkinter import filedialog


class Checkbar(Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent=None, picks=[], side=LEFT, anchor=W):
        Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self.vars = []
        for pick in picks:
            var = IntVar()
            chk = Checkbutton(self, text=pick, variable=var)
            chk.pack(side=side, anchor=anchor, expand=YES)
            self.vars.append(var)

    def state(self):
        return map((lambda var: var.get()), self.vars)


class Application():
    def __init__(self):
        self.window = Tk()
        self.window.title("42PyChecker")
        self.window.minsize(width=800, height=800)
        self.options_dict = {'other': ['author', 'norme', 'Makefile'],
                              'libft': ['author', 'forbidden-functions', 'makefile', 'norme', 'static', 'extra', 'required', 'bonus', 'benchmark', 'tests', 'libftest', 'maintest', 'moulitest', 'libft-unit-test'],
                              'fillit': ['author', 'forbidden-functions', 'makefile', 'norme', 'tests', 'fillit-checker'],
                              '42commandements': []}
        # @todo: Make groups like when you tick `tests` it ticks all the tests
        # @todo: Set a icon for app image
        #self.window.iconbitmap(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) + "/favicon.ico")
        # @todo: Find a way to loop through gif frames to have animated logo
        logo = PhotoImage(file=os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) + "/logo.gif")
        Label(self.window, image=logo).pack()
        Button(self.window, text="Select Project Path", width=20, command=self.get_project_path).pack()
        self.project = StringVar(self.window)
        self.options = ['None', 'NULL']
        self.project.trace("w", self.update_options)
        dropdown = OptionMenu(self.window, self.project, *self.options_dict.keys())
        dropdown.pack()
        self.options_choices = Checkbar(self.window, self.options)
        self.options_choices.pack(side=BOTTOM)
        Button(self.window, text="Start", command=self.start).pack(side=BOTTOM)
        Button(self.window, text="Exit", command=self.close_window).pack(side=BOTTOM)
        self.window.bind('<Escape>', self.close_window_escape)

    def close_window(self):
        self.window.destroy()
        sys.exit()

    def close_window_escape(self, event):
        self.window.destroy()
        sys.exit()

    def get_project_path(self):
        self.path = filedialog.askdirectory()
        print(self.path)

    def start(self):
        print(list(self.options_choices.state()))

    def update_options(self, *args):
        self.options = self.options_dict[self.project.get()]
        self.options_choices.destroy()
        self.options_choices = Checkbar(self.window, self.options)
        self.options_choices.pack(side=BOTTOM)

    def create_window(self):
        self.window.mainloop()

它的工作方式非常簡單。 您有一個包含所有項目和選項的字典。 更改下拉列表后，我們將更新列表，刪除當前列表並打包新列表。