調試Python的C ++擴展

Question

嘗試調試Python的C ++擴展時遇到問題。 錯誤是
致命的Python錯誤：PyThreadState_Get：當前沒有線程

我遵循了本指南，並且在發行版中運行時可以使用。

Python代碼：

from itertools import islice
from random import random
from time import perf_counter

COUNT = 500000  # Change this value depending on the speed of your computer
DATA = list(islice(iter(lambda: (random() - 0.5) * 3.0, None), COUNT))

e = 2.7182818284590452353602874713527

def sinh(x):
    return (1 - (e ** (-2 * x))) / (2 * (e ** -x))

def cosh(x):
    return (1 + (e ** (-2 * x))) / (2 * (e ** -x))

def tanh(x):
    tanh_x = sinh(x) / cosh(x)
    return tanh_x

def sequence_tanh(data):
    '''Applies the hyperbolic tangent function to map all values in
    the sequence to a value between -1.0 and 1.0.
    '''
    result = []
    for x in data:
        result.append(tanh(x))
    return result

def test(fn, name):
    start = perf_counter()
    result = fn(DATA)
    duration = perf_counter() - start
    print('{} took {:.3f} seconds\n\n'.format(name, duration))

    for d in result:
        assert -1 <= d <=1, " incorrect values"

from superfastcode import fast_tanh
if __name__ == "__main__":
   test(lambda d: [fast_tanh(x) for x in d], '[fast_tanh(x) for x in d]')

C ++代碼：

#include <Python.h>
#include <cmath>

const double e = 2.7182818284590452353602874713527;

double sinh_impl(double x) {
    return (1 - pow(e, (-2 * x))) / (2 * pow(e, -x));
}

double cosh_impl(double x) {
    return (1 + pow(e, (-2 * x))) / (2 * pow(e, -x));
}

PyObject* tanh_impl(PyObject *, PyObject* o) {
    double x = PyFloat_AsDouble(o);
    double tanh_x = sinh_impl(x) / cosh_impl(x);
    return PyFloat_FromDouble(tanh_x);
}

static PyMethodDef superfastcode_methods[] = {
    // The first property is the name exposed to Python, fast_tanh, the second is the C++
    // function name that contains the implementation.
    { "fast_tanh", (PyCFunction)tanh_impl, METH_O, nullptr },

    // Terminate the array with an object containing nulls.
{ nullptr, nullptr, 0, nullptr }
};

static PyModuleDef superfastcode_module = {
    PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
    "superfastcode",                        // Module name to use with Python import statements
    "Provides some functions, but faster",  // Module description
    0,
    superfastcode_methods                   // Structure that defines the methods of the module
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_superfastcode() {
    return PyModule_Create(&superfastcode_module);
}

我正在使用Python 3.6的64位版本，並正在x64模式下構建C ++代碼。 Visual Studio 2017 15.6.4

我正在鏈接C：\\ Python \\ Python36.x64 \\ libs \\ python36_d.lib並包含C：\\ Python \\ Python36.x64 \\ include中的頭文件
我的Python解釋器位於C：\\ Python \\ Python36.x64 \\

運行發布版本時得到此結果

[fast_tanh(x) for x in d] took 0.067 seconds

更新 ：我讓它在Py x86而不是x64上運行。 當我到達斷點並越過（F10）時，它將引發異常。

Answer 1

我從Microsoft的Steve Dower獲得了此解決方案：
這看起來更像是調試二進制文件和發行標頭之間的不匹配。

您參考的指南旨在始終使用Python的發行版二進制文件，即使您正在構建調試擴展。 因此，要么應該鏈接到python36.lib / python36.dll，要么忽略指南中列出的大多數設置更改，然后鏈接到python36_d.lib / python36_d.dll（一旦設置了路徑，鏈接應該是自動的-選擇C運行時庫的確定將確定是否使用調試/發布Python）。

參考： PTVS問題