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用BinaryOperator替換開關

[英]Replacing switch by BinaryOperator

我正在嘗試用BinaryOperator功能接口替換用於算術運算的公共開關。

基本方法是:

private static int computeOne(int res, String operand, String operation) {
    int number = Integer.parseInt(operand);

    switch (operation) {
        case "+":
            res += number;
            break;
        case "-":
            res -= number;
            break;
        case "*":
            res *= number;
            break;
        case "/":
            res = (number != 0 ? res / number : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
            break;
        default:
            res = 0;
            System.out.println("unknown operation");
    }

    return res;
}

據我所知,編寫類似的內容是必要的:

BinaryOperator<Integer> action = (a,b) -> computeExpression(a + operation + b);
action.apply(res, operand);

但是我不明白如何避免在computeExpressionswitchcomputeExpression相同的computeOne

您可以為每個算術運算定義BinaryOperator<Integer>

// a = operand 1
// b = operand 2
(a, b) -> a * b;
(a, b) -> a + b;
(a, b) -> a / b;
(a, b) -> a - b;

然后你可以應用一個傳遞2個參數:

// result = operation.apply(a, b);
int result = ((BinaryOperator<Integer>) ((a, b) -> a * b)).apply(2, 2);

我會使用枚舉來枚舉這些操作:

class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
         System.out.println(computeOne(4, "2", "/"));  // 2
         System.out.println(computeOne(4, "2", "*"));  // 8
         System.out.println(computeOne(4, "2", "-"));  // 2
         System.out.println(computeOne(4, "2", "+"));  // 6
    }

    private static int computeOne(int res, String operand, String operation) {
        return Operation.getOperationBySymbol(operation)
                        .getBinaryOperator()
                        .apply(res, Integer.parseInt(operand));
    }

    private enum Operation {
        // operation = symbol, action
        MULTIPLICATION("*", (a, b) -> a * b),
        ADDITION("+", (a, b) -> a + b),
        SUBTRACTION("-", (a, b) -> a - b),
        DIVISION("/", (a, b) -> a / b);

        private final BinaryOperator<Integer> binaryOperator;
        private final String symbol;

        Operation(String symbol, BinaryOperator<Integer> binaryOperator) {
            this.symbol = symbol;
            this.binaryOperator = binaryOperator;
        }

        public BinaryOperator<Integer> getBinaryOperator() {
            return binaryOperator;
        }

        public String getSymbol() {
            return symbol;
        }

        public static Operation getOperationBySymbol(String symbol) {
            for (Operation operation : values()) {
                if (operation.getSymbol().equals(symbol)) {
                    return operation;
                }
            }

            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown symbol: " + symbol);
        }
    }

}

您還可以使用BiFunction<BinaryOperator<?>, Pair<?, ?>, ?>來“簡化”它:

// BiFunction<Operator, Operands, Result>
// Operator = BinaryOperator<?>
// Operands = Pair<?, ?>
BiFunction<BinaryOperator<Integer>, Pair<Integer, Integer>, Integer> f = 
    (operator, operands) -> 
        operator.apply(operands.getKey(), operands.getValue());

f.apply((a, b) -> a + b, new Pair<>(2, 2)); // 4

算術運算符不能是變量。
通過使用功能接口或不使用實際代碼,您將具有相同的約束:將String運算符轉換為算術運算符。

此外,實際上在computeOne()您接受一個int和兩個String作為參數,並返回一個int
BinaryOperator<Integer>接受兩個Integer並返回一個Integer
所以它不兼容。
你需要一個TriFunction但它不存在。
創建自己的功能接口,例如TriFunction<T,U,V,R>或減少傳遞給函數的參數數量。

下面是一個使用枚舉OperatorBiFunction結合的BiFunction ,它與您的實際方法執行相同的操作。
注意,運營商現在由枚舉表示Operator負責執行功能,該功能只需要兩個參數現在:在IntegerString ,你轉換成int
所以BiFunction<Integer, String, Integer>很好。

public enum Operator{
    ADD("+", (a,b) -> a + Integer.parseInt(b)), 
    SUBSTRACT("-", (a,b) -> a - Integer.parseInt(b)),
    MULTIPLY("*", (a,b) -> a * Integer.parseInt(b)),
    //       ...
    DEFAULT("", (a,b) -> 0);

    public BiFunction<Integer, String, Integer> function;
    private String symbol;

    Operator(String symbol, BiFunction<Integer, String, Integer> function){
        this.symbol = symbol;
        this.function = function;
    }

    public int compute(int actualValue, String operand){
        return function.apply(actualValue, operand);
    }

    public static Operator of(String symbol) {
        for (Operator value : values()) {
            if (symbol.equals(value.symbol)) {
                return value;
            }
        }

        return Operator.DEFAULT;
    }

}

您可以創建如下操作:

int res = 10;
String operand = "15";
String symbol = "+";
res = Operator.of(symbol).compute(res, operand);

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