解析XML失敗：預期為空格

Question

我有一個簡單的VBA功能，可以將POST發送到遠程服務器。 帖子正文是一個XML文檔。

Sub testmessage()
Dim sXML As String, sURL As String, sResponse As String
Dim WinHttpReq As Object

Set WinHttpReq = CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP")

sXML = "<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""ISO-8859-1""?>"
sXML = sXML & "<!DOCTYPE pnet_imessage_send PUBLIC ""-//PeopleNet//pnet_imessage_send"""
sXML = sXML & " ""http://open.peoplenetonline.com/dtd/pnet_imessage_send.dtd""> "
sXML = sXML & "<pnet_imessage_send>"
sXML = sXML & "  <cid>20</cid>"
sXML = sXML & "  <pw>password</pw>"
sXML = sXML & "  <vehicle_number>123</vehicle_number>"
sXML = sXML & "  <deliver>now</deliver>"
sXML = sXML & "  <freeform_message>This is Tim's test message.</freeform_message>"
sXML = sXML & "</pnet_imessage_send>"

'Test url'
'sURL = "https://open.pfmlogin.com/scripts/postp.dll"

'Live url
sURL = "https://oi.pfmlogin.com/scripts/open.dll"

WinHttpReq.Open "POST", sURL, False
WinHttpReq.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;Charset=ISO-8859-1"
WinHttpReq.Send sXML
sResponse = WinHttpReq.responseText

Debug.Print sResponse
End Sub

sXML包含以下內容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE pnet_imessage_send PUBLIC "-//PeopleNet//pnet_imessage_send" 
  "http://open.peoplenetonline.com/dtd/pnet_imessage_send.dtd"> 
<pnet_imessage_send>
  <cid>20</cid>
  <pw>password</pw>
  <vehicle_number>123</vehicle_number>
  <deliver>now</deliver>
  <freeform_message>This is Tim's test message.</freeform_message> 
</pnet_imessage_send>

如果我使用Chrome的Postman插件發送此郵件 ，則它可以正常處理。 與VBA代碼一起發布時，它返回錯誤XML failed to parse. The reported error was: File: . Line: 1 Col: 19 Error: Whitespace expected at Line: 1 Position: 19的錯誤XML failed to parse. The reported error was: File: . Line: 1 Col: 19 Error: Whitespace expected at Line: 1 Position: 19 XML failed to parse. The reported error was: File: . Line: 1 Col: 19 Error: Whitespace expected at Line: 1 Position: 19 XML failed to parse. The reported error was: File: . Line: 1 Col: 19 Error: Whitespace expected at Line: 1 Position: 19 。

如果我將數據發布到測試網址（它將反彈回發布到它的任何內容），它將顯示如下：

<?xml version="1.0"
encoding="ISO-8859-1"
><!DOCTYPE pnet_imessage_send PUBLIC "-//PeopleNet//pnet_imessage_send"
http://open.peoplenetonline.com/dtd/pnet_imessage_send.dtd

我相信服務器不會將換行符視為空格，導致XML解析器看起來像這樣： <?xml version="1.0"encoding="ISO-8859-1"> （“ 1.0”和“編碼）。 使用Postman撰寫的帖子沒有意外的換行符。 如何在VBA不破壞序言的情況下發布此數據？

Answer 1

此答案歸功於@TimWilliams。 找到他的一個帖子，如果有幫助，請給+1。

正如He和@Chillin所指出的那樣，表單數據需要進行url編碼（或以保留空白的方式進行編碼... HTML編碼也可能起作用，但我沒有嘗試過）。 只是將請求標頭設置為application/xml並不會保留空白。

我從這篇SO帖子中使用了以下代碼： 如何在Excel VBA中URL編碼字符串？ （因此，如果有幫助，也可以給它+1）

Public Function URLEncode( _
   StringVal As String, _
   Optional SpaceAsPlus As Boolean = False _
) As String

  Dim StringLen As Long: StringLen = Len(StringVal)

  If StringLen > 0 Then
    ReDim result(StringLen) As String
    Dim i As Long, CharCode As Integer
    Dim Char As String, Space As String

    If SpaceAsPlus Then Space = "+" Else Space = "%20"

    For i = 1 To StringLen
      Char = Mid$(StringVal, i, 1)
      CharCode = Asc(Char)
      Select Case CharCode
        Case 97 To 122, 65 To 90, 48 To 57, 45, 46, 95, 126
          result(i) = Char
        Case 32
          result(i) = Space
        Case 0 To 15
          result(i) = "%0" & Hex(CharCode)
        Case Else
          result(i) = "%" & Hex(CharCode)
      End Select
    Next i
    URLEncode = Join(result, "")
  End If
End Function

然后，我在連接我的sXML字符串后調用此函數：

sXML = sXML & "   <freeform_message>This is Tim's test message.</freeform_message>"
sXML = sXML & "</pnet_imessage_send>"
sXML = "service=imessage_send&xml=" & URLEncode(sXML, False)

它就像一個魅力！