將新項目添加到基於其他項目值進行控制的詞典列表中

Question

我有以下每年包含戶籍（HID）的詞典列表：

list_of_dicts = [{'HID':'1','year':'2017'},
                 {'HID':'1','year':'2018'},
                 {'HID':'2','year':'2017'},
                 {'HID':'2','year':'2018'},
                 {'HID':'3','year':'2017'},
                 {'HID':'3','year':'2018'}]

我想閱讀每個字典並添加一個新的數字ID。 我可以使用以下代碼執行與此類似的操作：

i = 0
for line in list_of_dicts:
    line['id'] = i

    i += 1

但是，這會使id項像這樣連續運行：

list_of_dicts = [{'HID':'1','year':'2017','id':1},
                 {'HID':'1','year':'2018','id':2},
                 {'HID':'2','year':'2017','id':3},
                 {'HID':'2','year':'2018','id':4},
                 {'HID':'3','year':'2017','id':5},
                 {'HID':'3','year':'2018','id':6}]

我想每年將相同的數字id變量分配給每個HID，如下所示：

list_of_dicts = [{'HID':'1','year':'2017','id':1},
                 {'HID':'1','year':'2018','id':1},
                 {'HID':'2','year':'2017','id':2},
                 {'HID':'2','year':'2018','id':2},
                 {'HID':'3','year':'2017','id':3},
                 {'HID':'3','year':'2018','id':3}]

如何控制每個家庭每年的ID分配相同？

Answer 1

您需要將其更改為不基於i 。 而是這樣做：

for line in list_of_dicts:
    line['id'] = line['hid']

這樣，您將基於該行的hid創建新的條目id

Answer 2

在Python3中，您可以使用列表推導和字典解壓縮：

list_of_dicts = [{'HID':'1','year':'2017'},
             {'HID':'1','year':'2018'},
             {'HID':'2','year':'2017'},
             {'HID':'2','year':'2018'},
             {'HID':'3','year':'2017'},
             {'HID':'3','year':'2018'}]
new_data = [{**i, **{'id':i['HID']}} for i in list_of_dicts]

輸出：

[{'HID': '1', 'year': '2017', 'id': '1'}, {'HID': '1', 'year': '2018', 'id': '1'}, {'HID': '2', 'year': '2017', 'id': '2'}, {'HID': '2', 'year': '2018', 'id': '2'}, {'HID': '3', 'year': '2017', 'id': '3'}, {'HID': '3', 'year': '2018', 'id': '3'}]

Answer 3

這是你想要的？

list_of_dicts = [{'HID':'1','year':'2017'},
                 {'HID':'1','year':'2018'},
                 {'HID':'2','year':'2017'},
                 {'HID':'2','year':'2018'},
                 {'HID':'3','year':'2017'},
                 {'HID':'3','year':'2018'}]
for line in list_of_dicts:
    line['id'] = line['HID']

print(list_of_dicts)

輸出：

[{'HID': '1', 'year': '2017', 'id': '1'}, {'HID': '1', 'year': '2018', 'id': '1'}, {'HID': '2', 'year': '2017', 'id': '2'}, {'HID': '2', 'year': '2018', 'id': '2'}, {'HID': '3', 'year': '2017', 'id': '3'}, {'HID': '3', 'year': '2018', 'id': '3'}]