在Ruby中擴展模塊和測試類（或實例？）方法

Question

Ruby的新手，謝謝您！ 我在同一目錄中有2個文件。 其中.rb =

module Where
  def self.where(hash = {})
    self.select do |fixture| #iterate over fixtures indexes |fixture| 
      hash.all?  do |key, value| #return true as long as hash exists
        value === fixture[key]
      end
    end
  end
end

和test.rb =

require 'minitest/autorun'
require './where.rb'

class WhereTest < Minitest::Test
  extend Where
  def setup
    @boris   = {:name => 'Boris The Blade', :quote => "Heavy is good. Heavy is reliable. If it doesn't work you can always hit them.", :title => 'Snatch', :rank => 4}
    @charles = {:name => 'Charles De Mar', :quote => 'Go that way, really fast. If something gets in your way, turn.', :title => 'Better Off Dead', :rank => 3}
    @wolf    = {:name => 'The Wolf', :quote => 'I think fast, I talk fast and I need you guys to act fast if you wanna get out of this', :title => 'Pulp Fiction', :rank => 4}
    @glen    = {:name => 'Glengarry Glen Ross', :quote => "Put. That coffee. Down. Coffee is for closers only.",  :title => "Blake", :rank => 5}

    @fixtures = [@boris, @charles, @wolf, @glen]
  end

  def test_where_with_exact_match
    assert_equal [@wolf], @fixtures.where(:name => 'The Wolf')
  end

  def test_where_with_partial_match
    assert_equal [@charles, @glen], @fixtures.where(:title => /^B.*/)
  end

  def test_where_with_mutliple_exact_results
    assert_equal [@boris, @wolf], @fixtures.where(:rank => 4)
  end

  def test_with_with_multiple_criteria
    assert_equal [@wolf], @fixtures.where(:rank => 4, :quote => /get/)
  end

  def test_with_chain_calls
    assert_equal [@charles], @fixtures.where(:quote => /if/i).where(:rank => 3)
  end
end

puts WhereTest

我所有的測試都說NoMethodError：＃Array：0x000000027d6a20的未定義方法“ where”。

我不確定錯誤的含義。 我使用應使用的類方法創建了一個模塊。 該模塊的方法應可用於extend Where WhereTest類

Answer 1

該錯誤消息表示沒有為數組定義此類方法時，您嘗試在Array實例上調用where方法。

似乎您希望將where方法添加到Array類中（因為您將@fixtures.where和@fixtures稱為Array。但是，您是將其添加到WhereTest類中。

您將需要執行以下操作：

class Array
  extend Where
end

class WhereTest < Minitest::Test
  def setup
  ...

現在，您提供的代碼還有其他問題（例如，修補核心類是危險的，通常強烈建議不要這樣做）。 但這至少應該使您更接近要嘗試的操作。