Ruby遍歷哈希哈希

Question

我有以下數組，並且正在努力格式化以滿足我的需求。

consolidated = [
  {:name=>"Bob",   :details=>{"work"=>"Carpenter", "age"=>"26", "Experience"=>"6"} },
  {:name=>"Colin", :details=>{"work"=>"painting",  "age"=>"20", "Experience"=>"4"} }
]

我正在嘗試將其格式設置如下：

Bob    work         Carpenter
       age          26
       Experience   6

Colin  work         painting
       age          20
       Experience   4

我嘗試了以下方法：

require 'csv'
CSV.open("output.csv", "wb") do |csv|
  csv << ["name", "nature", "details"]
  consolidated.each do |val|
    csv << [val[:name], val[:details]]
  end
end
  #=> [{:name=>"Bob",   :details=>{"work"=>"Carpenter", "age"=>"26", "Experience"=>"6"}},
  #    {:name=>"Colin", :details=>{"work"=>"painting", "age"=>"20", "Experience"=>"4"}}]

但它打印以下內容

name      nature                                                  details

Bob      "work"=>"Carpenter", "age"=>"26", "Experience"=>"6"

Colin    "work"=>"painting", "age"=>"20", "Experience"=>"4"

我不完全確定如何從第一個循環中迭代散列的散列，只得到預期的格式。

謝謝。

Answer 1

以下是一些入門知識：

require 'csv'
data = [
  {:name => "Bob", :details=>{"work"=>"Carpenter", "age"=>"26", "Experience"=>"6"}},
  {:name => "Colin", :details=>{"work"=>"painting", "age"=>"20", "Experience"=>"4"}}
]

str = CSV.generate do |csv|
  data.each do |datum|
    datum[:details].each do |detail_key, detail_value|
      csv << [datum[:name], detail_key, detail_value]
    end
  end
end

puts str
# >> Bob,work,Carpenter
# >> Bob,age,26
# >> Bob,Experience,6
# >> Colin,work,painting
# >> Colin,age,20
# >> Colin,Experience,4

只需迭代所有細節，並為那里的每個鍵值對發出新行，並添加一個人的名字。

這將為您提供幾乎所需的東西。 在各行和個人姓名之間僅缺少空白行在每行中重復。 找出如何添加這些改進將是您的家庭作業。

Answer 2

我不知道CSV生成（因此，假設它按您編寫的方式工作），您可以通過以下方式迭代對象：

consolidated = [{:name => "Bob", :details=>{"work"=>"Carpenter", "age"=>"26", "Experience"=>"6"}}, {:name => "Colin", :details=> {"work"=>"painting", "age"=>"20", "Experience"=>"4"}}]


CSV.open("output.csv", "wb") do |csv|
  csv << ["name", "nature", "details"]

  consolidated.each do |val|
    details = val[:details]
    nature_1 = details.keys.first
    detail_1 = details.delete(nature_1)
    csv << [val[:name], nature_1, detail_1]

    details.each do |k, v|
      csv << [nil, k, v]
    end
  end
end

注意：這會損壞您consolidated的原始數據數組。 因此，如果要保留它，請先將其dup 。 或修改邏輯以不從val[:details]刪除第一個鍵值。

Answer 3

您需要通過each_pair迭代器迭代嵌入式哈希。 像這樣：

data = {:name => "Bob", :details=>{"work"=>"Carpenter", "age"=>"26", "Experience"=>"6"}}

CSV.open("output.csv", "wb") do |csv|

  csv << ["name", "nature", "details"]

  data.each do |val|

    csv << [ val[:name], val[:details]['work'] ]

    data[:details].each_pair do |key, value]

      # here we have to drop the first pair because i've used it earlier 
      next if key == 'work'

      csv << [ "", key, value ]

    end

  end

end