[英]Why do I keep getting “cp: cannot stat '': No such file or directory” or “cp: missing opereand” in my bash script
我正在編寫腳本來設置debian安裝,此錯誤使我感到沮喪:
問題:
cp "$BASHRC" "$HOME"/.bashrc
得到:
+ sudo -u Billy bash
cp:無法統計'':沒有這樣的文件或目錄
要么
cp:缺少操作符
這是腳本:
這些文件位於腳本所在的當前目錄中。
17 BASHRC=.bashrc
18 NANORC=.nanorc
19 BASHRCROOT=.bashrcroot
#!/bin/bash -x
2
3 SCRIPTNAME=`basename "$0"`
4
5 if [ "$#" -eq 0 ]
6 then
7 echo "No arguments supplied"
8 echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME user1name user2name\(optional\) user3name\(optional\)"
9 fi
10
11 echo "Here starts the party, "
12 echo "This program should be run as root, please wait"
13 echo "Setting up server.........."
14
15 DIRBASHRCROOT="$HOME"/.bashrcroot
16 DIRBASHRC="$HOME"/.bashrc
17 BASHRC=.bashrc
18 NANORC=.nanorc
19 BASHRCROOT=.bashrcroot
20 ROOT=root
21 USER1="$1"
22 USER2="$2"
23 USER3="$3"
24
25 ################ Users and access settings #####################
26 #echo username1 ALL=(username2) NOPASSWD: /bin/bash /path/to/svn >> /etc/sudoers
27 #echo `users` | grep "$1" && echo User $1 exists
28 #sudo -u username2 -H sh -c "cd /home/$USERNAME/$PROJECT; svn update"
29 #useradd -m -s /bin/bash "$different_user"
30 #id -u $USER1
31 checkIfUser()
32 {
33 for name in "$@"
34 do
35 if id -u "$name" #>/dev/null 2>&1
36 then
37 echo 'User: "$name" exists....setting up now\!'
38 else
39 echo 'User: "$name" does not exists....creating now\!'
40 useradd -m -s /bin/bash "$name" #>/dev/null 2>&1
41 fi
42 done
43 }
44 checkIfUser $1 $2 $3
45 ################ NANO SYNTAX-HIGHLIGHTING #####################3
46 sleep 3
47
48
49
50
51
52 if [ "$UID" != 0 ]
53 then
54 sudo -u "$ROOT" bash <<'EOF'
55 sleep 5
56 git clone https://github.com/nanorc/nanorc.git
57 sleep 5
58 cd nanorc
59 make install-global
60 sleep 5
61 cp "$NANORC" /etc/nanorc
62
63 if [ "$?" = 0 ]
64 then
65 echo "Implementing a custom nanorc file succeeded\!"
66 fi
67EOF
68 else
69 git clone https://github.com/nanorc/nanorc.git
70 sleep 5
71 cd nanorc
72 sleep 5
73 make install-global
74 sleep 5
75 cp "$NANORC" /etc/nanorc
76
77 if [ "$?" = 0 ]
78 then
79 echo "Implementing a custom nanorc file succeeded\!"
80 fi
81 fi
82
83 echo "Finished setting up nano\!"
84 ################ LS_COLORS SETTINGS #############################
86 if [ "$UID" != 0 ]
87 then
88 sudo -u "$ROOT" bash <<'EOF'
89 cp "$BASHRCROOT" "$HOME"/.bashrc
90 wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O "$HOME"/.dircolors
91 echo 'eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)' >> "$HOME"/.bashrc
92 . "$HOME"/.bashrc
93 echo "Here is LS_COLORS in action: "
94 ls -l "$HOME"/
95 EOF
96 else
97 cp "$BASHRCROOT" $(eval echo "$HOME"/.bashrc)
98 sleep 5
99 wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O "$HOME"/.dircolors
100 sleep 5
101 echo 'eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)' >> "$HOME"/.bashrc
102 sleep 5
103 . "$HOME"/.bashrc
104 echo "Here is LS_COLORS in action: "
105 sleep 5
106 ls -l "$HOME"/
107 fi
108 if [ ! -z "$USER1" ]
109 then
110 sudo -u "$USER1" bash <<'EOF'
111 sleep 5
THESE GUY'S ARE THE CULPRIT↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓
112 cp "$BASHRC" "$HOME"/.bashrc
HERE IS THE PROBLEM ↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑
113 sleep 5
114 wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O "$HOME"/.dircolors
sleep 5
116 echo 'eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)' >> "$HOME"/.bashrc
117 . "$HOME"/.bashrc
118 sleep 5
119 echo "Here is LS_COLORS in action: "
120 ls -l "$HOME"/
121 EOF
122 fi
123
124 if [ ! -z "$USER2" ]
125 then
126 sudo -u "$USER2" bash <<'EOF'
127 cp "$BASHRC" "$HOME"/.bashrc
128 wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O "$HOME"/.dircolors
129 echo 'eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)' >> "$HOME"/.bashrc
130 . "$HOME"/.bashrc
131 echo "Here is LS_COLORS in action: "
132 ls -l "$HOME"/
133 EOF
134 fi
135
136 if [ ! -z "$USER3" ]
137 then
138 sudo -u "$USER3" bash <<'EOF'
139 sleep 5
140 cp "$BASHRC" "$HOME"/.bashrc
141 sleep 5
142 wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O "$HOME"/.dircolors
sleep 5
142 wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O "$HOME"/.dircolors
143 sleep 5
144 echo 'eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)' >> "$HOME"/.bashrc
145 sleep 5
146 . "$HOME"/.bashrc
147 echo "Here is LS_COLORS in action: "
148 ls -l "$HOME"/
149 EOF
150 fi
151 echo "Finished setting up LS_COLORS on your files and directories\!"
題:
這里似乎是什么問題,什么是最佳實踐和解決方案?
您正在通過sudo啟動另一個bash。 BASHRC是局部變量,對子進程不可見。
由於sudo會引起另一個問題:如果/ etc / sudoers包含選項Defaults env_reset
,那么sudo會丟棄幾乎所有的env變量(PATH除外)。
如果將<<'EOF'更改為<< EOF,則可以控制在sudo之前擴展哪個變量,在sudo之后擴展哪個變量:
#!/bin/sh
EARLY_EXPANSION=foo
export LATER_EXPANSION=bar
bash <<EOF
echo "$EARLY_EXPANSION \$LATER_EXPANSION"
sleep 5
echo $(date) \$(date)
EOF
這是sir @steeldriver在姐妹站點中發表的評論中給出的針對此問題的答案.....:
牢記您先前的問題sudo -u
用戶bash可以工作,但是$HOME
並沒有相應地更改我假設您想將$HOME
擴展到$USER1's
主目錄-為此,您可能需要通過添加-i
或--login
您的sudo
調用
所以現在看起來像這樣……:
if [ ! -z "$USER1" ]
108 then
109 sudo -i -u "$USER1" bash <<'EOF'
110 sleep 5
111 cp -f .bashrc "$HOME"/.bashrc
112 sleep 5
113 wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O "$HOME"/.dircolors
114 sleep 5
115 echo 'eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)' >> "$HOME"/.bashrc
116 . "$HOME"/.bashrc
117 sleep 5
118 echo "Here is LS_COLORS in action: "
119 ls -l "$HOME"
120 EOF
121 fi
但是有一個新問題:
cp: '.bashrc' and '/home/billy/.bashrc' are the same file
發生此錯誤的原因是,登錄外殼程序將/home/user1
目錄作為其當前目錄,而不是腳本運行所在的目錄(該文件.bashrc
的隱藏目錄)。
我通過在需要的地方對目錄進行硬編碼解決了這個問題,但是如果有人可以使用一個會引起很大關注的變量,謝謝
編輯:
我這樣做是解決了難題的最后一個難題:
################# Make my variable global for all ########################3↓
27 echo "export CURRENTDIR=\"/tmp/svaka\"" >> /root/.bashrc
28 echo "export CURRENTDIR=\"/tmp/svaka\"" >> /etc/profile
29 . /etc/profile
將我的變量CURRENTDIR
全局CURRENTDIR
所有bash登錄shell的...
在Amazon Linux上,/ etc / profile指出:
It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
/etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
考慮到這一點,我在/etc/profile.d/
創建了bash_profile.sh
。
不要忘記,可能需要注銷/登錄才能獲取更改。
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