紅寶石：2.5.1-苗條或紅寶石-2.5.1-阿爾卑斯山在nokogiri寶石上失敗

Question

來自ruby：2.5.1-slim或ruby-2.5.1-alpine引發以下錯誤，我如何使用較小的足跡作為ruby，因為它似乎沒有使用我更喜歡使用的上述任何選項。 運行bundle install命令時發生此錯誤

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

current directory: /usr/local/bundle/gems/nokogiri-1.8.4/ext/nokogiri
/usr/local/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20180828-6-l5tj3e.rb extconf.rb
checking if the C compiler accepts ... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/usr/local/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
--help
--clean
/usr/local/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:456:in `try_do': The compiler failed to
generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:574:in `block in try_compile'
from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:521:in `with_werror'
from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:574:in `try_compile'
from extconf.rb:138:in `nokogiri_try_compile'
from extconf.rb:162:in `block in add_cflags'
from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:632:in `with_cflags'
from extconf.rb:161:in `add_cflags'
from extconf.rb:410:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can
be found here:

/usr/local/bundle/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0/nokogiri-1.8.4/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /usr/local/bundle/gems/nokogiri-1.8.4 for
inspection.
Results logged to
/usr/local/bundle/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0/nokogiri-1.8.4/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing nokogiri (1.8.4), and Bundler cannot
continue.
Make sure that `gem install nokogiri -v '1.8.4' --source 'http://rubygems.org/'`
succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
rails was resolved to 5.2.1, which depends on
actioncable was resolved to 5.2.1, which depends on
actionpack was resolved to 5.2.1, which depends on
actionview was resolved to 5.2.1, which depends on
rails-dom-testing was resolved to 2.0.3, which depends on
nokogiri
The command '/bin/sh -c bundle install --without development test' returned a non-zero code: 5

Answer 1

首先，嘗試手動運行gem install nokogiri並按照上面的輸出中的建議檢查日志：

...

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can
be found here:

/usr/local/bundle/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0/nokogiri-1.8.4/mkmf.log


...

最近我在安裝nokogiri gem時遇到了問題。 因此，我打開了mkmf.log文件，並在那里發現了問題的原因（該發行版中沒有stdio.h庫）：

"gcc -o conftest -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/x86_64-linux-musl -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0 -I.    -O3 -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-self-assign -Wunused-variable -Wimplicit-int -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wmisleading-indentation -Wno-packed-bitfield-compat -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn -Wsuggest-attribute=format -Wduplicated-cond -Wno-maybe-uninitialized  -fPIC  conftest.c  -L. -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib -L. -fstack-protector -rdynamic -Wl,-export-dynamic     -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lruby  -lpthread -ldl -lcrypt -lm   -lc "
In file included from /usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/ruby/ruby.h:29:0,
                 from /usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/ruby.h:33,
                 from conftest.c:1:
/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/ruby/defines.h:112:19: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory
 #include <stdio.h>
                   ^
compilation terminated.
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2: 
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5:   return 0;
6: }
/* end */

通過為我安裝libc-dev軟件包解決了問題 。

所以。 要解決您的問題，您應該迭代運行gem install nokogiri命令，在每次失敗后檢查mkmf.log文件，並修復缺少的依賴項，直到安裝了軟件包。

順便說一句，這是我最終的依賴關系列表，足以在Alpine中安裝Rails：

echo "http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing" >> /etc/apk/repositories \
  && apk update \
  && apk add --update-cache postgresql-client nodejs \
    libffi-dev readline sqlite build-base postgresql-dev \
    libc-dev linux-headers libxml2-dev libxslt-dev readline-dev gcc libc-dev \
  && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*

Answer 2

試試這個：運行sudo gem install nokogiri 。 它將安裝最新版本的nokogiri。 然后，將Gemfile.lock文件中的Gemfile.lock版本更新為剛安裝的nokogiri最新版本。 最后運行bundle install 。 也許會有所幫助。 為我工作。