[英]How Do You Add Environment Variables to CodeBuild buildspec.yml?
我正在嘗試使用CloudFormation模板來定義CodeBuild和CodePipeline，以自動部署S3存儲桶中托管的靜態網站。 為了給予信用到期的信用，我主要關注來自https://dzone.com/articles/continuous-delivery-to-s3-via-codepipeline-and-cod的模板。
我無法解決的問題是，在我為Hugo版本添加一個環境變量后，我想用來創建靜態站點文件，我從AWS控制台收到一條錯誤：“模板驗證錯誤：模板格式錯誤：模板的Resources塊中未解析的資源依賴項[HUGO_VERSION]。“
為什么不接受我在environment_variables下定義的HUGO_VERSION環境變量？ 這是格式的0.1版，所以它與當前的0.2略有不同，但我讀過以下鏈接： https ： //docs.aws.amazon.com/codebuild/latest/userguide/build-spec-ref的.html＃集結SPEC-REF-語法
讓我感到困惑的是，如果我用$ {HUGO_VERSION}刪除行，則接受模板就好了 - 然后在構建節目后檢查CloudWatch日志（因為printenv命令）HUGO_VERSION = 0.49！ 是什么賦予了？
最初，模板看起來像這樣。
---
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Description: Pipeline using CodePipeline and CodeBuild for continuous delivery of a single-page application to S3
Parameters:
SiteBucketName:
Type: String
Description: Name of bucket to create to host the website
GitHubUser:
Type: String
Description: GitHub User
Default: "stelligent"
GitHubRepo:
Type: String
Description: GitHub Repo to pull from. Only the Name. not the URL
Default: "devops-essentials"
GitHubBranch:
Type: String
Description: GitHub Branch
Default: "master"
GitHubToken:
NoEcho: true
Type: String
Description: Secret. It might look something like 9b189a1654643522561f7b3ebd44a1531a4287af OAuthToken with access to Repo. Go to https://github.com/settings/tokens
BuildType:
Type: String
Default: "LINUX_CONTAINER"
Description: The build container type to use for building the app
BuildComputeType:
Type: String
Default: "BUILD_GENERAL1_SMALL"
Description: The build compute type to use for building the app
BuildImage:
Type: String
Default: "aws/codebuild/ubuntu-base:14.04"
Description: The build image to use for building the app
Metadata:
AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
ParameterGroups:
- Label:
default: "Site Configuration"
Parameters:
- SiteBucketName
- Label:
default: "GitHub Configuration"
Parameters:
- GitHubToken
- GitHubUser
- GitHubRepo
- GitHubBranch
- Label:
default: "Build Configuration"
Parameters:
- BuildType
- BuildComputeType
- BuildImage
ParameterLabels:
SiteBucketName:
default: Name of S3 Bucket to create for website hosting
GitHubToken:
default: GitHub OAuth2 Token
GitHubUser:
default: GitHub User/Org Name
GitHubRepo:
default: GitHub Repository Name
GitHubBranch:
default: GitHub Branch Name
BuildType:
default: CodeBuild type
BuildComputeType:
default: CodeBuild instance type
BuildImage:
default: CodeBuild image
Resources:
CodeBuildRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service:
- codebuild.amazonaws.com
Action:
- sts:AssumeRole
Path: "/"
Policies:
- PolicyName: codebuild-service
PolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action: "*"
Resource: "*"
Version: '2012-10-17'
CodePipelineRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service:
- codepipeline.amazonaws.com
Action:
- sts:AssumeRole
Path: "/"
Policies:
- PolicyName: codepipeline-service
PolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Action:
- codebuild:*
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:GetObject
- s3:GetObjectVersion
- s3:GetBucketVersioning
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:PutObject
Resource:
- arn:aws:s3:::codepipeline*
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:*
- cloudformation:*
- iam:PassRole
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
Version: '2012-10-17'
SiteBucket:
Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
DeletionPolicy: Delete
Properties:
AccessControl: PublicRead
BucketName: !Ref SiteBucketName
WebsiteConfiguration:
IndexDocument: index.html
PipelineBucket:
Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
DeletionPolicy: Delete
CodeBuildDeploySite:
Type: AWS::CodeBuild::Project
DependsOn: CodeBuildRole
Properties:
Name: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-DeploySite
Description: Deploy site to S3
ServiceRole: !GetAtt CodeBuildRole.Arn
Artifacts:
Type: CODEPIPELINE
Environment:
Type: !Ref BuildType
ComputeType: !Ref BuildComputeType
Image: !Sub ${BuildImage}
Source:
Type: CODEPIPELINE
BuildSpec: !Sub |
version: 0.1
phases:
post_build:
commands:
- aws s3 cp --recursive --acl public-read ./samples s3://${SiteBucketName}/samples
- aws s3 cp --recursive --acl public-read ./html s3://${SiteBucketName}/
artifacts:
type: zip
files:
- ./html/index.html
TimeoutInMinutes: 10
Pipeline:
Type: AWS::CodePipeline::Pipeline
Properties:
RoleArn: !GetAtt CodePipelineRole.Arn
Stages:
- Name: Source
Actions:
- InputArtifacts: []
Name: Source
ActionTypeId:
Category: Source
Owner: ThirdParty
Version: '1'
Provider: GitHub
OutputArtifacts:
- Name: SourceArtifacts
Configuration:
Owner: !Ref GitHubUser
Repo: !Ref GitHubRepo
Branch: !Ref GitHubBranch
OAuthToken: !Ref GitHubToken
RunOrder: 1
- Name: Deploy
Actions:
- Name: Artifact
ActionTypeId:
Category: Build
Owner: AWS
Version: '1'
Provider: CodeBuild
InputArtifacts:
- Name: SourceArtifacts
OutputArtifacts:
- Name: DeploymentArtifacts
Configuration:
ProjectName: !Ref CodeBuildDeploySite
RunOrder: 1
ArtifactStore:
Type: S3
Location: !Ref PipelineBucket
Outputs:
PipelineUrl:
Value: !Sub https://console.aws.amazon.com/codepipeline/home?region=${AWS::Region}#/view/${Pipeline}
Description: CodePipeline URL
SiteUrl:
Value: !GetAtt [SiteBucket, WebsiteURL]
Description: S3 Website URL
現在，在我嘗試添加環境變量以在管道中使用Hugo之后，模板看起來像這樣。
---
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Description: Pipeline using CodePipeline and CodeBuild for continuous delivery of a single-page application to S3
Parameters:
SiteBucketName:
Type: String
Description: Name of bucket to create to host the website
GitHubUser:
Type: String
Description: GitHub User
Default: "stelligent"
GitHubRepo:
Type: String
Description: GitHub Repo to pull from. Only the Name. not the URL
Default: "devops-essentials"
GitHubBranch:
Type: String
Description: GitHub Branch
Default: "master"
GitHubToken:
NoEcho: true
Type: String
Description: Secret. It might look something like 9b189a1654643522561f7b3ebd44a1531a4287af OAuthToken with access to Repo. Go to https://github.com/settings/tokens
BuildType:
Type: String
Default: "LINUX_CONTAINER"
Description: The build container type to use for building the app
BuildComputeType:
Type: String
Default: "BUILD_GENERAL1_SMALL"
Description: The build compute type to use for building the app
BuildImage:
Type: String
Default: "aws/codebuild/ubuntu-base:14.04"
Description: The build image to use for building the app
Metadata:
AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
ParameterGroups:
- Label:
default: "Site Configuration"
Parameters:
- SiteBucketName
- Label:
default: "GitHub Configuration"
Parameters:
- GitHubToken
- GitHubUser
- GitHubRepo
- GitHubBranch
- Label:
default: "Build Configuration"
Parameters:
- BuildType
- BuildComputeType
- BuildImage
ParameterLabels:
SiteBucketName:
default: Name of S3 Bucket to create for website hosting
GitHubToken:
default: GitHub OAuth2 Token
GitHubUser:
default: GitHub User/Org Name
GitHubRepo:
default: GitHub Repository Name
GitHubBranch:
default: GitHub Branch Name
BuildType:
default: CodeBuild type
BuildComputeType:
default: CodeBuild instance type
BuildImage:
default: CodeBuild image
Resources:
CodeBuildRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service:
- codebuild.amazonaws.com
Action:
- sts:AssumeRole
Path: "/"
Policies:
- PolicyName: codebuild-service
PolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action: "*"
Resource: "*"
Version: '2012-10-17'
CodePipelineRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service:
- codepipeline.amazonaws.com
Action:
- sts:AssumeRole
Path: "/"
Policies:
- PolicyName: codepipeline-service
PolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Action:
- codebuild:*
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:GetObject
- s3:GetObjectVersion
- s3:GetBucketVersioning
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:PutObject
Resource:
- arn:aws:s3:::codepipeline*
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:*
- cloudformation:*
- iam:PassRole
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
Version: '2012-10-17'
SiteBucket:
Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
DeletionPolicy: Delete
Properties:
AccessControl: PublicRead
BucketName: !Ref SiteBucketName
WebsiteConfiguration:
IndexDocument: index.html
PipelineBucket:
Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
DeletionPolicy: Delete
CodeBuildDeploySite:
Type: AWS::CodeBuild::Project
DependsOn: CodeBuildRole
Properties:
Name: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-DeploySite
Description: Deploy site to S3
ServiceRole: !GetAtt CodeBuildRole.Arn
Artifacts:
Type: CODEPIPELINE
Environment:
Type: !Ref BuildType
ComputeType: !Ref BuildComputeType
Image: !Sub ${BuildImage}
Source:
Type: CODEPIPELINE
BuildSpec: !Sub |
version: 0.1
environment_variables:
plaintext:
AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: "US-WEST-2"
HUGO_VERSION: "0.49"
phases:
install:
commands:
- printenv
- echo "Install step..."
- curl -Ls https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v${HUGO_VERSION}/hugo_${HUGO_VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz -o /tmp/hugo.tar.gz
- tar xf /tmp/hugo.tar.gz -C /tmp
- mv /tmp/hugo_${HUGO_VERSION}_linux_amd64/hugo_${HUGO_VERSION}_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/hugo
- rm -rf /tmp/hugo*
build:
commands:
- hugo
post_build:
commands:
- aws s3 cp --recursive --acl public-read ./public s3://${SiteBucketName}
artifacts:
type: zip
files:
- ./html/index.html
TimeoutInMinutes: 10
Pipeline:
Type: AWS::CodePipeline::Pipeline
Properties:
RoleArn: !GetAtt CodePipelineRole.Arn
Stages:
- Name: Source
Actions:
- InputArtifacts: []
Name: Source
ActionTypeId:
Category: Source
Owner: ThirdParty
Version: '1'
Provider: GitHub
OutputArtifacts:
- Name: SourceArtifacts
Configuration:
Owner: !Ref GitHubUser
Repo: !Ref GitHubRepo
Branch: !Ref GitHubBranch
OAuthToken: !Ref GitHubToken
RunOrder: 1
- Name: Deploy
Actions:
- Name: Artifact
ActionTypeId:
Category: Build
Owner: AWS
Version: '1'
Provider: CodeBuild
InputArtifacts:
- Name: SourceArtifacts
OutputArtifacts:
- Name: DeploymentArtifacts
Configuration:
ProjectName: !Ref CodeBuildDeploySite
RunOrder: 1
ArtifactStore:
Type: S3
Location: !Ref PipelineBucket
Outputs:
PipelineUrl:
Value: !Sub https://console.aws.amazon.com/codepipeline/home?region=${AWS::Region}#/view/${Pipeline}
Description: CodePipeline URL
SiteUrl:
Value: !GetAtt [SiteBucket, WebsiteURL]
Description: S3 Website URL
編輯10/20
還是沒有解決這個問題。 我試圖按照matsev給出的建議，但我仍然得到相同的驗證錯誤。 為了完整性，我正在嘗試的最新模板
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Description: Pipeline using CodePipeline and CodeBuild for continuous delivery of a single-page application to S3
Parameters:
SiteBucketName:
Type: String
Description: Name of bucket to create to host the website
GitHubUser:
Type: String
Description: GitHub User
Default: "stelligent"
GitHubRepo:
Type: String
Description: GitHub Repo to pull from. Only the Name. not the URL
Default: "devops-essentials"
GitHubBranch:
Type: String
Description: GitHub Branch
Default: "master"
GitHubToken:
NoEcho: true
Type: String
Description: Secret. It might look something like 9b189a1654643522561f7b3ebd44a1531a4287af OAuthToken with access to Repo. Go to https://github.com/settings/tokens
BuildType:
Type: String
Default: "LINUX_CONTAINER"
Description: The build container type to use for building the app
BuildComputeType:
Type: String
Default: "BUILD_GENERAL1_SMALL"
Description: The build compute type to use for building the app
BuildImage:
Type: String
Default: "aws/codebuild/ubuntu-base:14.04"
Description: The build image to use for building the app
Metadata:
AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
ParameterGroups:
- Label:
default: "Site Configuration"
Parameters:
- SiteBucketName
- Label:
default: "GitHub Configuration"
Parameters:
- GitHubToken
- GitHubUser
- GitHubRepo
- GitHubBranch
- Label:
default: "Build Configuration"
Parameters:
- BuildType
- BuildComputeType
- BuildImage
ParameterLabels:
SiteBucketName:
default: Name of S3 Bucket to create for website hosting
GitHubToken:
default: GitHub OAuth2 Token
GitHubUser:
default: GitHub User/Org Name
GitHubRepo:
default: GitHub Repository Name
GitHubBranch:
default: GitHub Branch Name
BuildType:
default: CodeBuild type
BuildComputeType:
default: CodeBuild instance type
BuildImage:
default: CodeBuild image
Resources:
CodeBuildRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service:
- codebuild.amazonaws.com
Action:
- sts:AssumeRole
Path: "/"
Policies:
- PolicyName: codebuild-service
PolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action: "*"
Resource: "*"
Version: '2012-10-17'
CodePipelineRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service:
- codepipeline.amazonaws.com
Action:
- sts:AssumeRole
Path: "/"
Policies:
- PolicyName: codepipeline-service
PolicyDocument:
Statement:
- Action:
- codebuild:*
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:GetObject
- s3:GetObjectVersion
- s3:GetBucketVersioning
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:PutObject
Resource:
- arn:aws:s3:::codepipeline*
Effect: Allow
- Action:
- s3:*
- cloudformation:*
- iam:PassRole
Resource: "*"
Effect: Allow
Version: '2012-10-17'
SiteBucket:
Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
DeletionPolicy: Delete
Properties:
AccessControl: PublicRead
BucketName: !Ref SiteBucketName
WebsiteConfiguration:
IndexDocument: index.html
PipelineBucket:
Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
DeletionPolicy: Delete
CodeBuildDeploySite:
Type: AWS::CodeBuild::Project
DependsOn: CodeBuildRole
Properties:
Name: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-DeploySite
Description: Deploy site to S3
ServiceRole: !GetAtt CodeBuildRole.Arn
Artifacts:
Type: CODEPIPELINE
Environment:
Type: !Ref BuildType
ComputeType: !Ref BuildComputeType
Image: !Sub ${BuildImage}
EnvironmentVariables:
- Name: HUGO_VERSION
Value: '0.49'
Type: PLAINTEXT
Source:
Type: CODEPIPELINE
BuildSpec: !Sub |
version: 0.2
env:
variables:
AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: "US-WEST-2"
phases:
install:
commands:
- printenv
- curl -Ls https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v${HUGO_VERSION}/hugo_${HUGO_VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz -o /tmp/hugo.tar.gz
- tar xf /tmp/hugo.tar.gz -C /tmp
- mv /tmp/hugo_${HUGO_VERSION}_linux_amd64/hugo_${HUGO_VERSION}_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/hugo
- rm -rf /tmp/hugo*
build:
commands:
- hugo
post_build:
commands:
- aws s3 cp --recursive --acl public-read ./samples s3://${SiteBucketName}/samples
- aws s3 cp --recursive --acl public-read ./html s3://${SiteBucketName}/
artifacts:
type: zip
files:
- ./html/index.html
TimeoutInMinutes: 10
Pipeline:
Type: AWS::CodePipeline::Pipeline
Properties:
RoleArn: !GetAtt CodePipelineRole.Arn
Stages:
- Name: Source
Actions:
- InputArtifacts: []
Name: Source
ActionTypeId:
Category: Source
Owner: ThirdParty
Version: '1'
Provider: GitHub
OutputArtifacts:
- Name: SourceArtifacts
Configuration:
Owner: !Ref GitHubUser
Repo: !Ref GitHubRepo
Branch: !Ref GitHubBranch
OAuthToken: !Ref GitHubToken
RunOrder: 1
- Name: Deploy
Actions:
- Name: Artifact
ActionTypeId:
Category: Build
Owner: AWS
Version: '1'
Provider: CodeBuild
InputArtifacts:
- Name: SourceArtifacts
OutputArtifacts:
- Name: DeploymentArtifacts
Configuration:
ProjectName: !Ref CodeBuildDeploySite
RunOrder: 1
ArtifactStore:
Type: S3
Location: !Ref PipelineBucket
Outputs:
PipelineUrl:
Value: !Sub https://console.aws.amazon.com/codepipeline/home?region=${AWS::Region}#/view/${Pipeline}
Description: CodePipeline URL
SiteUrl:
Value: !GetAtt [SiteBucket, WebsiteURL]
Description: S3 Website URL
我相信會發生以下情況：CloudFormation嘗試將${HUGO_VERSION}解析${HUGO_VERSION} Cloudformation模板的Parameter ，因為它位於“！Sub”函數中。
來自AWS文檔的Sub函數
要從字面上書寫一個美元符號和花括號（$ {}），請在打開的花括號后添加一個感嘆號（！），例如$ {！Literal}。 AWS CloudFormation將此文本解析為$ {Literal}。
因此，您的構建規范階段應類似於：
phases:
install:
commands:
- printenv
- echo "Install step..."
- curl -Ls https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v${!HUGO_VERSION}/hugo_${!HUGO_VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz -o /tmp/hugo.tar.gz
- tar xf /tmp/hugo.tar.gz -C /tmp
- mv /tmp/hugo_${!HUGO_VERSION}_linux_amd64/hugo_${!HUGO_VERSION}_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/hugo
- rm -rf /tmp/hugo*
希望這可以幫助！
請檢查AWS::CodeBuild::Project模板中AWS::CodeBuild::Project的Environment屬性。 具體來說， EnvironmentVariables允許您指定環境變量，例如
CodeBuildDeploySite:
Type: AWS::CodeBuild::Project
DependsOn: CodeBuildRole
Properties:
Name: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-DeploySite
Description: Deploy site to S3
ServiceRole: !GetAtt CodeBuildRole.Arn
Artifacts:
Type: CODEPIPELINE
Environment:
Type: !Ref BuildType
ComputeType: !Ref BuildComputeType
Image: !Sub ${BuildImage}
EnvironmentVariables:
- Name: HUGO_VERSION
Value: '0.49'
Type: PLAINTEXT
# More properties...
現在您可以在buildspec.yml文件中引用HUGO_VERSION作為環境變量，例如
pre_build:
commands:
- echo HUGO_VERSION $HUGO_VERSION
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