用KafkaProducer和ProducerRecord進行Mockito.verify

Question

我正在為KafkaProducer的一個非常簡單的包裝器類進行單元測試，該包裝器的send方法就是這樣

public class EntityProducer { 
    private final KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> kafkaProducer;
    private final String topic;

    EntityProducer(KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> kafkaProducer, String topic)
    {
        this.kafkaProducer = kafkaProducer;
        this.topic = topic;
    }

    public void send(String id, BusinessEntity entity) throws Exception
    {
        ProducerRecord<byte[], byte[]> record = new ProducerRecord<>(
            this.topic,
            Transformer.HexStringToByteArray(id),
            entity.serialize()
        );
        kafkaProducer.send(record);
        kafkaProducer.flush();
    }
}

單元測試的內容如下：

@Test public void send() throws Exception
{
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> mockKafkaProducer = Mockito.mock(KafkaProducer.class);
    String topic = "mock topic";
    EntityProducer producer = new EntityProducer(mockKafkaProducer, topic);

    BusinessEntitiy mockedEntity = Mockito.mock(BusinessEntity.class);
    byte[] serialized = new byte[]{1,2,3};
    when(mockedCipMsg.serialize()).thenReturn(serialized);

    String id = "B441B675-294E-4C25-A4B1-122CD3A60DD2";
    producer.send(id, mockedEntity);

    verify(mockKafkaProducer).send(
        new ProducerRecord<>(
            topic,
            Transformer.HexStringToByteArray(id),
            mockedEntity.serialize()
        )
    );

    verify(mockKafkaProducer).flush();

第一種驗證方法失敗，因此測試失敗，並顯示以下消息：

Argument(s) are different! Wanted:
kafkaProducer.send(
    ProducerRecord(topic=mock topic, partition=null, key=[B@181e731e, value=[B@35645047, timestamp=null)
);
-> at xxx.EntityProducerTest.send(EntityProducerTest.java:33)
Actual invocation has different arguments:
kafkaProducer.send(
    ProducerRecord(topic=mock topic, partition=null, key=[B@6f44a157, value=[B@35645047, timestamp=null)
);

最相關的是ProducerRecord的鍵不相同，值看起來相同

單元測試的方向是否正確？ 我怎樣才能通過考試？

親切的問候。

Answer 1

這段代碼：

verify(mockKafkaProducer).send(
        new ProducerRecord<>(
            topic,
            Transformer.HexStringToByteArray(id),
            mockedEntity.serialize()
        )
    );

手段：
“確認‘ 發送 ’被稱為在‘mockKafkaProducer’使用以下參數：......”

該聲明失敗，因為實際上使用不同的參數調用了send。

Answer 2

我建議捕獲論點並進行驗證。 請參見下面的代碼：

    ArgumentCaptor<ProducerRecord> captor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ProducerRecord.class);

    verify(mockKafkaProducer).send(captor.capture());

    ProducerRecord actualRecord = captor.getValue();
    assertThat(actualRecord.topic()).isEqualTo("mock topic");
    assertThat(actualRecord.key()).isEqualTo("...");
    ...

這更具可讀性（我的觀點），是該方法正在發生的一種文檔