[英]Reading data from a binary file in C
我是 C 新手,試圖將一些數據寫入二進制文件並從中讀取。 有字符數組和整數作為結構的成員。 當我運行我的代碼並通過記事本打開二進制文件時,我只能看到程序正在讀取字符串。 這是我的代碼:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct{
unsigned int sample_offset;
char receiver_name[20];
double sample_rate;
unsigned int channel;
unsigned int bits;
char file_type[11];
unsigned int freq_band;
double channel_bandwidth;
double firmwire_version;
double header_version;
}sampleInfo;
int main(){
// Writing into the file
FILE * fw;
sampleInfo data = {64, "Gadfly", 51.2, 2, 4, "Spreadsheet", 1,24, 1.0,1.0 }, read_data;
fw = fopen("test.bin","wb");
if (!fw)
{
printf("Unable to open the file\n");
exit(1);
}
else{
fprintf(fw,"Sample offset: %u bytes\n\n", data.sample_offset)
fprintf(fw,"Receiver's name: %s\n\n", data.receiver_name);
fprintf(fw,"Sample rate: %.2lf Mega-samples per second\n\n", data.sample_rate);
fprintf(fw,"Number of channels used: %u\n\n", data.channel);
fprintf(fw,"Number of bits per I and Q sample: %u\n\n", data.bits);
fprintf(fw,"File type: %s\n\n", data.file_type);
fprintf(fw,"Frequency band per channel: L%u\n\n",data.freq_band);
fprintf(fw,"Channel Bandwidth: %.1lfMHz\n\n", data.channel_bandwidth);
fprintf(fw,"Firm-wire version: %.1lf\n\n",data.firmwire_version);
fprintf(fw,"Header version: %.1lf\n\n",data.header_version);
}
fwrite(&data,sizeof(sampleInfo),1, fw);
fclose (fw);
// Reading from the file
FILE * fr;
fr = fopen("test.bin", "rb");
if (! fr){
printf("Unable to open the file\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
fread(&read_data,sizeof(sampleInfo),1, fr);
fscanf(fr,"Sample offset: %u bytes\n", &(read_data.sample_offset));
fscanf(fr,"Receiver's name: %s\n", read_data.receiver_name);
fscanf(fr,"Sample rate: %lf Mega-samples per second\n", &(read_data.sample_rate));
fscanf(fr,"Number of channels used: %u\n", &(read_data.channel));
fscanf(fr,"Number of bits per I and Q sample: %u\n",&(read_data.bits));
fscanf(fr,"File type: %s\n", read_data.file_type);
fscanf(fr,"Frequency band per channel: L%u\n", &(read_data.freq_band));
fscanf(fr,"Channel Bandwidth: %lf MHz\n", &(read_data.channel_bandwidth));
fscanf(fr,"Firm-wire version: %lf\n", &(read_data.firmwire_version));
fscanf(fr,"Header version: %lf\n\n\n", &(read_data.header_version));
}
fclose(fr);
return 0;
}
這就是我得到的輸出:
我不明白為什么程序只顯示打印語句作為輸出,而不是正確讀取文件中的所有數據。 我也嘗試在 else 語句之外使用 fread() 函數並得到相同的結果。
有什么建議?
您在人類可讀版本之后以二進制形式編寫數據結構,但是您首先讀取二進制數據結構,然后是人類可讀版本。 忽略您在文件中兩次寫入信息(人類可讀,然后是二進制)的事實,如果您以相同的順序寫入/讀取它應該可以工作。
這是一個“固定”版本:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct{
unsigned int sample_offset;
char receiver_name[20];
double sample_rate;
unsigned int channel;
unsigned int bits;
char file_type[11];
unsigned int freq_band;
double channlel_bandwidth;
double firmwire_version;
double header_version;
} sampleInfo;
int main(){
// Writing into the file
FILE * fw;
sampleInfo data = {64, "Gadfly", 51.2, 2, 4, "Spreadsheet", 1,24, 1.0,1.0 };
sampleInfo read_data;
fw = fopen("test.bin","wb");
if (!fw)
{
printf("Unable to open the file\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
fprintf(fw,"Sample offset: %u bytes\n\n", data.sample_offset);
fprintf(fw,"Receiver's name: %s\n\n", data.receiver_name);
fprintf(fw,"Sample rate: %.2lf Mega-samples per second\n\n", data.sample_rate);
fprintf(fw,"Number of channels used: %u\n\n", data.channel);
fprintf(fw,"Number of bits per I and Q sample: %u\n\n", data.bits);
fprintf(fw,"File type: %s\n\n", data.file_type);
fprintf(fw,"Frequency band per channel: L%u\n\n",data.freq_band);
fprintf(fw,"Channel Bandwidth: %.1lfMHz\n\n", data.channlel_bandwidth);
fprintf(fw,"Firm-wire version: %.1lf\n\n",data.firmwire_version);
fprintf(fw,"Header version: %.1lf\n\n",data.header_version);
fwrite(&data,sizeof(sampleInfo),1, fw);
fclose (fw);
}
// Reading from the file
FILE * fr;
fr = fopen("test.bin", "rb");
if (!fr)
{
printf("Unable to open the file\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
fscanf(fr,"Sample offset: %u bytes\n\n",&(read_data.sample_offset));
fscanf(fr,"Receiver's name: %s\n\n", read_data.receiver_name);
fscanf(fr,"Sample rate: %lf Mega-samples per second\n\n", &(read_data.sample_rate));
fscanf(fr,"Number of channels used: %u\n\n", &(read_data.channel));
fscanf(fr,"Number of bits per I and Q sample: %u\n\n",&(read_data.bits));
fscanf(fr,"File type: %s\n\n", read_data.file_type);
fscanf(fr,"Frequency band per channel: L%u\n\n", &(read_data.freq_band));
fscanf(fr,"Channel Bandwidth: %lf MHz\n\n", &(read_data.channlel_bandwidth));
fscanf(fr,"Firm-wire version: %lf\n\n", &(read_data.firmwire_version));
fscanf(fr,"Header version: %lf\n\n", &(read_data.header_version));
fread(&read_data,sizeof(sampleInfo),1, fr);
fclose(fr);
}
return 0;
}
為了提高效率,去掉 fprintf/fscanf 行,只保留緊湊的二進制版本。 在記事本中打開文件並驗證它不是人類可讀的。 這是優化的二進制版本:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct{
unsigned int sample_offset;
char receiver_name[20];
double sample_rate;
unsigned int channel;
unsigned int bits;
char file_type[11];
unsigned int freq_band;
double channlel_bandwidth;
double firmwire_version;
double header_version;
} sampleInfo;
int main(){
// Writing into the file
FILE * fw;
sampleInfo data = {64, "Gadfly", 51.2, 2, 4, "Spreadsheet", 1,24, 1.0,1.0 };
sampleInfo read_data;
fw = fopen("test.bin","wb");
if (!fw)
{
printf("Unable to open the file\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
fwrite(&data,sizeof(sampleInfo),1, fw);
fclose (fw);
}
// Reading from the file
FILE * fr;
fr = fopen("test.bin", "rb");
if (!fr)
{
printf("Unable to open the file\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
fread(&read_data,sizeof(sampleInfo),1, fr);
printf("Sample offset: %u bytes\n\n", read_data.sample_offset);
printf("Receiver's name: %s\n\n", read_data.receiver_name);
printf("Sample rate: %.2lf Mega-samples per second\n\n", read_data.sample_rate);
printf("Number of channels used: %u\n\n", read_data.channel);
printf("Number of bits per I and Q sample: %u\n\n", read_data.bits);
printf("File type: %s\n\n", read_data.file_type);
printf("Frequency band per channel: L%u\n\n", read_data.freq_band);
printf("Channel Bandwidth: %.1lfMHz\n\n", read_data.channlel_bandwidth);
printf("Firm-wire version: %.1lf\n\n", read_data.firmwire_version);
printf("Header version: %.1lf\n\n", read_data.header_version);
fclose(fr);
}
return 0;
}
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