Mac OS Sierra 10.12.6更新后，gem安裝指南針錯誤

Question

幾天前，我做了一個Mac OS Sierra 10.12.6安全更新2018-005。 昨天我咕gr了一聲，得到了：

Warning: Running "sass:dist" (sass) task
Warning: spawn sass ENOENT Use --force to continue.

Aborted due to warnings.

我按照這里的說明進行操作： https ： //github.com/appseed-io/supermodular/issues/45

xcode-select --install
sudo gem update --system
sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin compass

我仍然收到咕unt的錯誤：

Running "sass:build" (sass) task
ERROR: Cannot load compass.
Warning: Exited with error code 1 Use --force to continue.

Aborted due to warnings.

然后我按照這里的說明進行操作： https : //halfelf.org/2017/grunt-cant-build-sass-on-high-sierra/

brew install rbenv ruby-build

rbenv install 2.4.2
rbenv global 2.4.2

sudo gem update --system

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin sass

仍然發出咕unt聲ERROR: Cannot load compass.

然后再次嘗試sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin compass ，但出現以下錯誤：

ERROR:  Error installing compass:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

我檢查了mkmf.log文件，其中說：

"pkg-config --exists libffi"
package configuration for libffi is not found
"xcrun clang -o conftest -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/universal-darwin16 -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT    -g -Os -pipe -DHAVE_GCC_ATOMIC_BUILTINS -iwithsysroot /usr/local/libressl/include conftest.c  -L. -L/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib -L.             -L /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.12.Internal.sdk/usr/local/libressl/lib -L/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.12.Internal.sdk/usr/local/lib   -arch x86_64 -arch i386   -lruby.2.3.0  -lpthread -ldl -lobjc "
In file included from conftest.c:1:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby.h:33:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/ruby.h:24:10: fatal error: 'ruby/config.h' file not found
#include "ruby/config.h"
         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2: 
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5:   return 0;
6: }
/* end */

我從中得到的（不是真正知道的）是package configuration for libffi is not found並且出現fatal error: 'ruby/config.h' file not found package configuration for libffi is not found fatal error: 'ruby/config.h' file not found 。

附加信息：

Xcode版本9.2（9C40b）

ruby -v
ruby 2.3.7p456 (2018-03-28 revision 63024) [universal.x86_64-darwin16]

sass -v
Sass 3.4.25 (Selective Steve)

compass -v
-bash: /usr/local/bin/compass: 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby: bad interpreter: No such file or directory

提前致謝。

更新

我運行了gem env 。 這是輸出：

RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.7.8
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.3.7 (2018-03-28 patchlevel 456) [universal.x86_64-darwin16]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0
  - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/username/.gem/ruby/2.3.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/username/.gem/specs
  - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /Library/Ruby/Site
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - universal-darwin-16
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0
     - /Users/username/.gem/ruby/2.3.0
     - /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /Users/username/.nvm/versions/node/v8.4.0/bin
     - /Users/username/.wp-cli/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/bin
     - /bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /sbin

Answer 1

不要做sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin compass

使用rbenv的全部rbenv是讓它處理所有依賴關系，而完全不必處理OS系統ruby或它的寶石。 您需要正確設置$PATH配置，然后再也不需要使用sudo ，實際上，在正確設置環境后，您不應該使用gem install或任何gem命令。

您是否碰巧嘗試過npm install -g grunt-cli嗎？

更新：預期您的$ PATH不正確。

關閉所有端子。 開始一個新的。 然后運行這個。

curl -fsSL https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv-installer/raw/master/bin/rbenv-doctor | bash

這應該可以幫助您找出$PATH設置中出了什么問題。 請參閱https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv#installation

但首先要專門嘗試：

echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

然后重新啟動終端，再次檢查gem env ，看看您的路徑是否包含.rbenv

如果這些步驟不起作用，那么我建議完全卸載 rbenv並從https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv#installation的步驟1重新開始