android-未解決的參考：Espresso中的所有方法

Question

使用Espresso時，我對這些錯誤感到困惑。

這是我的導入：

 import android.os.SystemClock import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4 import org.junit.runner.RunWith import android.support.test.espresso.Espresso import android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions import android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches import android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.* import org.junit.Rule import org.junit.Test import org.junit.Before import sayurbox.com.oms.view.LoginActivity import android.support.test.espresso.intent.Intents.intended import android.support.test.espresso.intent.Intents import android.support.test.espresso.intent.matcher.IntentMatchers.hasComponent import sayurbox.com.oms.view.HomeActivity 

我已經添加了所有依賴項：

 testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12' testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:4.0.2' testImplementation "org.robolectric:shadows-multidex:4.0.2" testImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2' testImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2' testImplementation 'com.android.support.test:rules:1.0.2' testImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents:3.0.2' 

這是錯誤：

 Unresolved reference: test Unresolved reference: junit Unresolved reference: AndroidJUnit4 Unresolved reference: Test Unresolved reference: assertEquals Unresolved reference: InstrumentationRegistry ... 

所有參考文獻均未解決。 你能幫我嗎？

Answer 1

我已經找到了解決方案，因為我將測試放在默認的Instrumentation測試目錄中，因此我需要將Gradle的“ testImplementation”語法更改為“ androidTestImplementation”：

之前：

 testImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2' testImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2' testImplementation 'com.android.support.test:rules:1.0.2' testImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents:3.0.2' 

修復后：

 androidTestImplementation('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2', { exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations' }) androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2' androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:rules:1.0.2' androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents:3.0.2'