Ansible Playbook Shell模塊，轉義特殊字符

Question

在Ansible Playbook中使用Ansible 2.4.2.0

- name: Check the Tomcat version
  shell: "unzip -c {{ mount_path_instance }}/tomcat9/lib/catalina.jar META-INF/MANIFEST.MF |awk '/Implementation-Version: / {sub(/[^ ]+ /, \"\"); print \$0}'"
  register: tomcat_version
  when: instance_check_v9.stat.exists

我得到錯誤

TASK [redhat-tomcat-update : include_tasks] ************************************
fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"reason": "Syntax Error while loading YAML.\n\n\nThe error appears to have been in '/home/ansible/work/play_redhat_tomcat_update/roles/redhat-tomcat-update/tasks/variables.yml': line 39, column 153, but may\nbe elsewhere in the file depending on the exact syntax problem.\n\nThe offending line appears to be:\n\n- name: Check the Tomcat version\n  shell: \"unzip -c {{ mount_path_instance }}/tomcat9/lib/catalina.jar META-INF/MANIFEST.MF |awk '/Implementation-Version: / {sub(/[^ ]+ /, \\\"\\\"); print \\$0}'\"\n                                                                                                                                                        ^ here\nWe could be wrong, but this one looks like it might be an issue with\nmissing quotes.  Always quote template expression brackets when they\nstart a value. For instance:\n\n    with_items:\n      - {{ foo }}\n\nShould be written as:\n\n    with_items:\n      - \"{{ foo }}\"\n\nexception type: <class 'yaml.scanner.ScannerError'>\nexception: while parsing a quoted scalar\n  in \"<unicode string>\", line 39, column 10\nfound unknown escape character\n  in \"<unicode string>\", line 39, column 153"}

運行下一個命令可以正常工作

ansible localhost -m shell -a "unzip -c {{ mount_path_instance }}/tomcat9/lib/catalina.jar META-INF/MANIFEST.MF |awk '/Implementation-Version: / {sub(/[^ ]+ /, \"\"); print \$0}'" --extra-vars='{"mount_path_instance": "/appl/tomcat/paul_1_uat", "instance_name": "paul_1_uat" }'

[警告]：考慮使用非歸檔模塊，而不是運行解壓縮

本地主機| 成功| rc = 0 >> 9.0.7.redhat-12

有人看到yml定義有什么問題嗎？

Answer 1

YAML將反斜杠擴展為雙引號字符串，並且\\$不是YAML中的合法轉義符（ \\"很好）

您想要的是使用替代雙引號問題的替代語法：

shell: |
   unzip -c {{ mount_path_instance }}/tomcat9/lib/catalina.jar META-INF/MANIFEST.MF | awk '/Implementation-Version: / {sub(/[^ ]+ /, ""); print $0}'

具有諷刺意味的是，由於awk命令已經在單引號中，因此您實際上不必逃脫$ sign，因此您也可以從現有命令中刪除\\$ ，但是我敢肯定，反斜杠會更少-itis使用shell: | 句法

---

關於至於對於有關：

ansible localhost -m shell -a "unzip -c {{ mount_path_instance }}/tomcat9/lib/catalina.jar META-INF/MANIFEST.MF |awk '/Implementation-Version: / {sub(/[^ ]+ /, \"\"); print \$0}'"

運行良好，這是因為您的shell實際上為您折疊了\\$ ，可以通過簡單的回顯看到它：

echo "thingy \"\" \$0"