如何將 Kafka 從 Docker 暴露給外界？

Question

必須從 Dockerized Spring-Boot 應用程序與 Kafka 通信，我能夠開始工作的唯一選擇也是 Dockerizing Kafka。

這是我的docker-compose-yml ：

version: '3.5'
services:
  zookeeper:
    image: wurstmeister/zookeeper
    ports:
      - "2181:2181"
    networks:
      - kafka-network
  kafka:
    image: wurstmeister/kafka
    ports:
      - "9092:9092"
    networks:
      - kafka-network
    environment:
      KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: kafka
      KAFKA_AUTO_CREATE_TOPICS_ENABLE: 'true'
      KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181
    depends_on:
      - zookeeper
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
networks:
  kafka-network:
    name: kafka-network

這樣我就可以使用 url kafka:9092從kafka 網絡上的另一個容器連接到 Kafka 代理

如何使其也可從本地主機和其他機器使用？

更新我更新了我的 docker-compose 如下：

version: '3.5'
services:
  zookeeper:
    image: wurstmeister/zookeeper
    ports:
      - "2181:2181"
    networks:
      - kafka-network
  kafka:
    image: wurstmeister/kafka
    ports:
      - "9092:9092"
    networks:
      - kafka-network
    environment:
      KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: kafka
      KAFKA_AUTO_CREATE_TOPICS_ENABLE: 'true'
      KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181
      KAFKA_LISTENERS: ${KAFKA_LISTENERS:-PLAINTEXT://:9092}
      KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS: ${KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS:-PLAINTEXT://127.0.0.1:9092}
    depends_on:
      - zookeeper
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
networks:
  kafka-network:
    name: kafka-network

並創建了一個包含以下內容的 .env 文件：

KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS=PLAINTEXT://the.ip.of.machine:9092

我在我的 PC 上測試了它（沒有 .env 文件）並且我能夠使用來自本地主機的 kafkakat 與代理通信：

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                    COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                NAMES
6844a16fa14f        wurstmeister/kafka       "start-kafka.sh"         5 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds        0.0.0.0:9092->9092/tcp                               kafka-compose_kafka_1_9573f71109c7
15d62557f3bd        wurstmeister/zookeeper   "/bin/sh -c '/usr/sb…"   6 seconds ago       Up 4 seconds        22/tcp, 2888/tcp, 3888/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2181->2181/tcp   kafka-compose_zookeeper_1_61a19213cde7

$ kafkacat -P -b localhost:9092 -t topic1
New test 
^C

$ kafkacat -C -b localhost:9092 -t topic1
New test
% Reached end of topic topic1 [0] at offset 1

$ kafkacat  -b localhost:9092 -L
Metadata for all topics (from broker -1: localhost:9092/bootstrap):
 1 brokers:
  broker 1001 at 127.0.0.1:9092
 4 topics:
 ...

但是我無法在服務器上做同樣的事情，唯一的區別是 KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS 的主機 IP。

我能看到的是它一直說領導者不可用

# kafkacat  -b localhost:9092 -L
Metadata for all topics (from broker -1: localhost:9092/bootstrap):
 1 brokers:
  broker 1002 at the.ip.of.machine:9092


 topic "__consumer_offsets" with 50 partitions:
    partition 0, leader -1, replicas: 1001, isrs: , Broker: Leader not available
    partition 1, leader -1, replicas: 1001, isrs: , Broker: Leader not available
    partition 2, leader -1, replicas: 1001, isrs: , Broker: Leader not available
    partition 3, leader -1, replicas: 1001, isrs: , Broker: Leader not available
    partition 4, leader -1, replicas: 1001, isrs: , Broker: Leader not available
    partition 5, leader -1, replicas: 1001, isrs: , Broker: Leader not available

我不應該為KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS設置服務器的IP嗎？

Answer 1

您必須在environments中設置LISTENERS ，以便將 Kafka 代理暴露給外部網絡，如下所示：

KAFKA_LISTENERS: PLAINTEXT://:9092
KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS: PLAINTEXT://one.prod.com:9092

這是示例：
https://github.com/wurstmeister/kafka-docker/blob/85821409d4d49a4edc7c5be83b68b71eceeab1bc/docker-compose-swarm.yml

你可以參考這里了解更多詳情： https : //github.com/wurstmeister/kafka-docker/wiki/Connectivity

Answer 2

對於新的 kafka 版本，請嘗試查看此處：

https://www.kaaproject.org/kafka-docker

https://github.com/bitnami/bitnami-docker-kafka/issues/29#issuecomment-435216430

對於舊的 kafka，如果你只有一台計算機可能會幫助這個 kafka 變量：

environment:
  ADVERTISED_HOST: ${COMPUTERNAME}
  ADVERTISED_PORT: "9092"