Django tests.py django.db.utils.IntegrityError：唯一約束失敗：auth_user.username

Question

之前曾問過這個問題，但錯誤是數據庫中的用戶名相同。

在我的情況下，數據庫完全是空的。，這是測試用例：

def create_django_contrib_auth_models_user(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["username"] = "adminadmin"
    defaults["email"] = "test@testus.com"
    defaults["password"] = "testpass"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    return User.objects.create(**defaults)

當我運行python manage.py tests此錯誤，並導致其他大多數測試失敗，

django.db.utils.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: auth_user.username

更新

這是完整的tests.py文件：

import unittest
from django.urls import reverse
from django.test import Client
from .models import Branch, Storage, Worker, job, Category, StorageItem, StorageMoves, Item
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType


def create_django_contrib_auth_models_user(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["username"] = "adminadmin"
    defaults["email"] = "test@testus.com"
    defaults["password"] = "testpass"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    return User.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_django_contrib_auth_models_group(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "group"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    return Group.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_django_contrib_contenttypes_models_contenttype(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    return ContentType.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_branch(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "name"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    return Branch.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_storage(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "name"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    if "branch" not in defaults:
        defaults["branch"] = create_branch()
    return Storage.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_worker(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "name"
    defaults["phone"] = "01207199086"
    defaults["address"] = "address"
    defaults["date_joined"] = "1956-01-01"
    defaults["image"] = "image"
    defaults["is_active"] = False
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    if "branch" not in defaults:
        defaults["branch"] = create_branch()
    return Worker.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_job(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "name"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    return job.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_category(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "name"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    return Category.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_storageitem(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "name"
    defaults["quantity"] = "15"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    if "storage" not in defaults:
        defaults["storage"] = create_storage()
    return StorageItem.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_storagemoves(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "name"
    defaults["quantity"] = "15"
    defaults["text"] = "text"
    defaults["type"] = "خروج"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    if "storage" not in defaults:
        defaults["storage"] = create_storage()
    if "user" not in defaults:
        defaults["user"] = create_django_contrib_auth_models_user()
    return StorageMoves.objects.create(**defaults)


def create_item(**kwargs):
    defaults = {}
    defaults["name"] = "name"
    defaults.update(**kwargs)
    if "category" not in defaults:
        defaults["category"] = create_category()
    return Item.objects.create(**defaults)


class BranchViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    '''
    Tests for Branch
    '''

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()

    def test_list_branch(self):
        url = reverse('erp_branch_list')
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_create_branch(self):
        url = reverse('erp_branch_create')
        data = {
            "name": "name",
        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

    def test_detail_branch(self):
        branch = create_branch()
        url = reverse('erp_branch_detail', args=[branch.slug, ])
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_update_branch(self):
        branch = create_branch()
        data = {
            "name": "name",
        }
        url = reverse('erp_branch_update', args=[branch.slug, ])
        response = self.client.post(url, data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)


class StorageViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    '''
    Tests for Storage
    '''

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()

    def test_list_storage(self):
        url = reverse('erp_storage_list')
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_create_storage(self):
        url = reverse('erp_storage_create')
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "branch": create_branch().pk,
        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

    def test_detail_storage(self):
        storage = create_storage()
        url = reverse('erp_storage_detail', args=[storage.slug, ])
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_update_storage(self):
        storage = create_storage()
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "branch": create_branch().pk,
        }
        url = reverse('erp_storage_update', args=[storage.slug, ])
        response = self.client.post(url, data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)


class WorkerViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    '''
    Tests for Worker
    '''

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()

    def test_list_worker(self):
        url = reverse('erp_worker_list')
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_create_worker(self):
        url = reverse('erp_worker_create')
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "phone": "phone",
            "address": "address",
            "date_joined": "1956-01-01",
            "image": "image",
            "is_active": "is_active",
            "branch": create_branch().pk,
        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

    def test_detail_worker(self):
        worker = create_worker()
        url = reverse('erp_worker_detail', args=[worker.slug, ])
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_update_worker(self):
        worker = create_worker()
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "phone": "01207199086",
            "address": "address",
            "date_joined": "1956-01-01",
            "image": "image",
            "is_active": 'False',
            "branch": create_branch().pk,
        }
        url = reverse('erp_worker_update', args=[worker.slug, ])
        response = self.client.post(url, data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)


class jobViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    '''
    Tests for job
    '''

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()

    def test_list_job(self):
        url = reverse('erp_job_list')
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_create_job(self):
        url = reverse('erp_job_create')
        data = {
            "name": "name",
        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

    def test_detail_job(self):
        job = create_job()
        url = reverse('erp_job_detail', args=[job.slug, ])
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_update_job(self):
        job = create_job()
        data = {
            "name": "name",
        }
        url = reverse('erp_job_update', args=[job.slug, ])
        response = self.client.post(url, data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)


class CategoryViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    '''
    Tests for Category
    '''

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()

    def test_list_category(self):
        url = reverse('erp_category_list')
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_create_category(self):
        url = reverse('erp_category_create')
        data = {
            "name": "name",
        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

    def test_detail_category(self):
        category = create_category()
        url = reverse('erp_category_detail', args=[category.slug, ])
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_update_category(self):
        category = create_category()
        data = {
            "name": "name",
        }
        url = reverse('erp_category_update', args=[category.slug, ])
        response = self.client.post(url, data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)


class StorageItemViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    '''
    Tests for StorageItem
    '''

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()

    def test_list_storageitem(self):
        url = reverse('erp_storageitem_list')
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_create_storageitem(self):
        url = reverse('erp_storageitem_create')
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "quantity": "quantity",
            "storage": create_storage().pk,
        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

    def test_detail_storageitem(self):
        storageitem = create_storageitem()
        url = reverse('erp_storageitem_detail', args=[storageitem.slug, ])
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_update_storageitem(self):
        storageitem = create_storageitem()
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "quantity": "quantity",
            "storage": create_storage().pk,
        }
        url = reverse('erp_storageitem_update', args=[storageitem.slug, ])
        response = self.client.post(url, data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)


class StorageMovesViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    '''
    Tests for StorageMoves
    '''

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()

    def test_list_storagemoves(self):
        url = reverse('erp_storagemoves_list')
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_create_storagemoves(self):
        url = reverse('erp_storagemoves_create')
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "quantity": "15",
            "text": "text",
            "type": "دخول",
            "storage": create_storage().pk,
            "user": create_django_contrib_auth_models_user().pk,
        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

    def test_detail_storagemoves(self):
        storagemoves = create_storagemoves()
        url = reverse('erp_storagemoves_detail', args=[storagemoves.slug, ])
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_update_storagemoves(self):
        storagemoves = create_storagemoves()
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "quantity": "quantity",
            "text": "text",
            "type": "دخول",
            "storage": create_storage().pk,
            "user": create_django_contrib_auth_models_user().pk,
        }
        url = reverse('erp_storagemoves_update', args=[storagemoves.slug, ])
        response = self.client.post(url, data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)


class ItemViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    '''
    Tests for Item
    '''

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()

    def test_list_item(self):
        url = reverse('erp_item_list')
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_create_item(self):
        url = reverse('erp_item_create')
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "category": create_category().pk,
        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

    def test_detail_item(self):
        item = create_item()
        url = reverse('erp_item_detail', args=[item.slug, ])
        response = self.client.get(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_update_item(self):
        item = create_item()
        data = {
            "name": "name",
            "category": create_category().pk,
        }
        url = reverse('erp_item_update', args=[item.slug, ])
        response = self.client.post(url, data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

Settings.py

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY', 'CHANGEME')

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'django_extensions',
    'crispy_forms',
    'rest_framework',
    'erp',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'revo_erp.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'revo_erp.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator'},  # noqa
    {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator'},  # noqa
    {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator'},  # noqa
    {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator'},  # noqa
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),
]

Answer 1

測試用例應按照Django的文檔進行特定設置

測試用戶，例如：

class UserTest(TestCase):
    """ Test module for GET all USERS API """


    user = None
    user2 = None

    def setUp(self):
        """
        Construct fake Users
        :return:
        """

        self.user = User.objects.create_user(username="user1", superuser_status=True
                                             password="test1234")

        self.user2= User.objects.create_user(username="admin",
                                              password="123456")

    def test_get_all_users(self):
        """
        Test all users retrieval
        :return:
        """

        request = APIRequestFactory().get("/users/")
        users_list = UserViewSet.as_view({'get': 'list'})
        # get data from db
        users = User.objects.all()
        force_authenticate(request, user=self.user)
        response = users_list(request)
        serializer = UserSerializer(users, many=True)
        self.assertEqual(response.data['results'], serializer.data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)

Answer 2

我認為這是因為您在test_update_storagemoves中創建了兩次用戶對象。 一次通過調用create_storagemoves ，一次通過調用create_django_contrib_auth_models_user 。

create_storagemoves內部調用create_django_contrib_auth_models_user ，因此，基本上，您兩次調用create_django_contrib_auth_models_user ，並且基本上，您正在創建兩個具有相同username User實例，這大概對它具有UNIQUE約束。