Models.py問題（鍵）

Question

我正在嘗試為一個小型項目創建一個基本的Web應用程序，並且遇到一個問題，即每當我在2個屬性之間使用任何類型的關系時，都會遇到問題。 就像當我嘗試從另一個表中提取某些數據時，該數據顯示為“人對象（1）”或“項目對象（1）”。 如何確保不會發生這種情況，並顯示人員名稱和項目名稱？ 我也願意接受任何改進我的數據庫代碼的幫助。

以下是源代碼。

當我嘗試從另一個表中提取某些數據時，該數據將顯示為“人對象（1）”或“項目對象（1）”。 如何確保不會發生這種情況，並顯示人員名稱和項目名稱？

從django.db導入模型

from django.db import models

from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from django.db import models
from django.core.mail import EmailMessage
from django.contrib import admin


class Project(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICE = (
       ('Work Assigned', 'Work Assigned'),
       ('Work in Progress', 'Work in Progress'),
       ('Testing', 'Testing'),
    )
    project_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    project_description = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    status_of_the_project = models.CharField(max_length=18, choices=STATUS_CHOICE)
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True, blank=True)
    finish_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    supporting_documents = models.FileField(null=True, blank=True)
    Admin_Name = models.CharField(max_length=100)


def __str__(self):
    return self.project_name


class Meta:
        verbose_name = "List of Projects"
        verbose_name_plural = "List of Projects"


class Person(models.Model):
    PERSON_TYPE = (
        ('Admin', 'Admin'),
        ('Project Manager', 'Project Manager'),
        ('Technician', 'Technician'),
        ('Tester', 'Tester')
    )

    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='user_person')
    projects = models.ManyToManyField(Project, null=True, related_name='people')
    mail_id = models.EmailField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True)
    person_type = models.CharField(max_length=18, choices=PERSON_TYPE)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "User-Project Assignment"
        verbose_name_plural = "User-Project Assignment"


class Bug(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICE = (
        ('Unassigned', 'Unassigned'),
        ('Assigned', 'Assigned'),
        ('Testing', 'Testing'),
        ('Tested', 'tested'),
        ('Fixed', 'Fixed')
    )
    SITUATION_TYPE = (
        ('Bug', 'Bug'),
        ('Issue', 'Issue'),
        ('Enhancement', 'Enhancement'),
        ('Not an issue or bug', 'Not an issue or bug'),
        ('Fixed', 'Fixed')
    )

    project = models.ForeignKey(Project, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    issue_title = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True)
    situation_type = models.CharField(max_length=25, choices=SITUATION_TYPE)
    basic_description = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    detailed_description = models.TextField(default='The Description, here.')
    status = models.CharField(max_length=18, choices=STATUS_CHOICE)
    assigned_to = models.ForeignKey(Person, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=False)
    reported_by = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True)
    reporters_mail_id = models.EmailField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True)
    reported_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True, blank=True)
    updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, null=True, blank=True)
    deadline_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    supporting_documents_by_reporter = models.FileField(null=True, blank=True)
    project_managers_comment = models.TextField(default='The Description, here.')
    supporting_documents_by_project_manager = models.FileField(null=True, blank=True)
    technicians_comment = models.TextField(default='The Description, here.')
    supporting_documents_by_technician = models.FileField(null=True, blank=True)
    testers_comment = models.TextField(default='The Description, here.')
    supporting_documents_by_tester = models.FileField(null=True, blank=True)
    admin = models.ForeignKey(Person, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='user_admin', default=False)

    def __str__(self):
            return '{} ({})  [{} {}]'.format(self.project, self.situation_type, self.status, self.issue_title)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "Project-Tasks"
        verbose_name_plural = "Project-Tasks"

Answer 1

可能是您還需要添加

def __unicode__(self):
    return u"%s" % (self. project_name)

到您的Project類（類似於“ __str__”函數）。 然后對Person也是一樣。

Answer 2

您的Project類的__str__方法似乎沒有正確縮進。 這使您看到Project object(1) 。

對於Person object(1) ，您尚未實現__str__方法。

在任何django模型類定義中，您通常都__str__在Bug類中一樣實現並覆蓋django.db.models.model __str__方法。

這個__str__方法決定了將模型打印到諸如stdout的流時的呈現方式，或者在這種情況下，我假設由Django的模板引擎呈現。

典型的用例如下（在python3.6 shell中顯示）：

>>> class MyClass:
>>>     def __init__(self, x):
>>>         self.x = x
>>> 
>>>     def __str__(self):
>>>         # a string formatted with this instances x value
>>>         return "{}".format(self.x)
>>> 
>>> my_instance = MyClass(1)
>>> print(my_instance)
>>> 1

請注意舊的__unicode__方法。 此方法的操作方式與__str__相同，但是在python 2.x中使用。