Chrome無法開始使用Watir

Question

該腳本在本地運行，但不能在服務器上運行。

b = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, headless: true

錯誤：

response.rb:69:in `assert_ok': unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally (Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError)
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.45.615279 (12b89733300bd268cff3b78fc76cb8f3a7cc44e5),platform=Linux 4.9.75-29.el7.x86_64 x86_64)
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/response.rb:32:in `initialize'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/common.rb:84:in `new'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/common.rb:84:in `create_response'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/default.rb:104:in `request'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/common.rb:62:in `call'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/bridge.rb:166:in `execute'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/bridge.rb:99:in `create_session'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/bridge.rb:53:in `handshake'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/chrome/driver.rb:49:in `initialize'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/driver.rb:44:in `new'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/driver.rb:44:in `for'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.141.0/lib/selenium/webdriver.rb:86:in `for'
        from /root/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/watir-6.16.5/lib/watir/browser.rb:46:in `initialize'
        from rebooter.rb:9:in `new'
        from rebooter.rb:9:in `<main>'

我發現很少有人提到--disable-dev-shm-usage答案，但我真的不知道如何通過它。

我嘗試沒有成功：

Watir::Browser.new :chrome, headless: true, disableDevShmUsage: true

我不太確定shm是什么，但是df顯示我有0％的使用率：

# df -h | grep -Ei 'shm|use%'
Filesystem                      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                           962M     0  962M   0% /dev/shm

如何修改腳本以在服務器上也運行？ 為什么它在本地運行，而不在服務器上運行？

Answer 1

結合自己的發現，您可以像這樣傳遞參數：

args = %w[headless disable-gpu disable-dev-shm-usage disable-software-rasterizer no-sandbox]
b = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, args: args

shm是共享內存的縮寫。
關於沙盒 。

如果您使用的是遠程chromdriver，那么上面傳遞args的簡單方法將不起作用，然后：

b = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, {url: "http://127.0.0.1:9515", chromeOptions: {args: args}}

http://127.0.0.1:9515是遠程chromedriver服務器的示例。

請注意，如果您有其他解決方案，則建議不要使用no-sandbox 。
因此，最好對其進行修復或更改為使用其他瀏覽器。
就像firefox現在也有無 headless模式一樣，與geckodriver組合也是一個不錯的選擇。